Module 6　The Internet and Telecommunications閱讀理解

　　A

　　A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps.One should always live in the best company，whether it is of books or of men.

　　A good book may be among the best of friends.It is the most patient and cheerful of companions.It always receives us with the same kindness，amusing and instructing us in youth， and comforting us in age.

　　Men often discover their similarity to each other by the common love they have for a book just as two people sometimes discover a friend by the admiration which both entertain for a third.There is an old proverb，“Love me，love my dog.” But there is more wisdom in this：“Love me，love my book.” The book is a truer and higher bond (紐帶) of union.Men can think，feel，and sympathize with each other through their favorite author.They_live_in_him_together，and_he_in_them.

　　A good book is often the best container of a life preserving the best that life could think out，for the world of a man’s life is，for the most part，the world of his thoughts.Thus the best books are treasures of good words and the golden thoughts，which become our steady companions and comforters.

　　Books are by far the most lasting products of human effort.Temples and statues decay (腐朽)，but good books survive.Time is of no account with great thoughts，which are as fresh today as when they first passed through their author’s minds ages ago.

　　The great and good do not die，even in this world.Preserved in books，their spirits walked abroad.The book is a living voice.It is an intellect (智者) to which one still listens.

　　1．The writer introduces the topic of the passage by________.

　　A．describing life experience of great writers

　　B．telling his own story of reading good books

　　C．presenting the best thoughts in good books

　　D．comparing good books to good friends in life

　　2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean?

　　A．Readers feel sympathy for the author.

　　B．Readers live together with the author.

　　C．Readers and the author share the same feeling.

　　D．Readers are the author’s companions and comforters.

　　3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A．We can learn about the great and good through

　　books.

　　B．The most important part of a man’s life is his treasures.

　　C．Good books help as to know about their authors’ friends.

　　D．Books are often regarded as best containers in our life.

　　4．The passage mainly tells us that ________.

　　A．one should have some good friends

　　B．one should read as many books as possible

　　C．one should keep company with good books

　　D．books are the most lasting products of human effort

　　語篇解讀　本文是一篇優美的散文。一本好書就是最好的朋友。好書是金玉良言和崇高思想的寶庫。

　　1．D　寫作手法題。根據第一段內容和第二段第一句可知D項正確。2．C　句意理解題。根據“Men can think，feel，and sympathize with each other through their favorite author.”可知，畫線句子的意思是人們與自己喜歡的作家有著相同的感受，故C項正確。3．A　推理判斷題。根據最后一段內容可推知，A項正確。其他選項均與文章內容不符。4．C　主旨大意題。全文圍繞書是人類的朋友展開描寫，說明一個人應該和好書相伴，故C 項正確。B

　　Talking plants might sound like characters in a fairy tale.But recent scientific studies have shown that plants communicate with each other and with other living things in a surprising number of ways.To understand them，scientists say，we just have to learn their language.Farmers are especially interested in what plants have to say.

　　“Plants are able to communicate with all sorts of organisms (有機體)．They can communicate with giant bacteria，with other plants and with insects.They do this chemically，” said Cahill，an Ecology Professor of the University of Alberta in Canada.

　　Plant scientists are just beginning to understand this chemical “language”．Cahill says studies have shown，for example，that plants can evaluate conditions in their immediate environment and take appropriate actions.Plants have an ability，for example，to signal pain or discomfort caused by anything from temperature extremes to an insect attack.Jack Schultz，a professor of chemical ecology at the University of Missouri，says when a plant senses that it’s being eaten，it cannot walk away from trouble；on the contrary，it will release a chemical vapor that alerts other plants nearby.

　　“Their language is a chemical language，and it involves chemicals that move through the air that are easy to be changeable，and most of all are smells that we are familiar with，” Schultz explained.

　　“All plants responded to the attack by changing their chemistry to defend themselves，” Schultz recalled.“But we were quite surprised to find that nearby plants also changed their chemistry to defend themselves，even though they were not part of the experiment.”

　　Studies have also shown that plants under attack release pleasant chemicals.Those chemicals attract friendly insects that attack the pests eating the plant.

　　In the end，plants’ ability to communicate their needs—and our ability to understand them—could help farmers reduce the use of poisonous chemicals，cut operating costs and limit damage to the environment.

　　5．The recent scientific studies have shown that plants can________.

　　A．communicate with other living things in a chemical way

　　B．hardly react to any sudden change in temperature

　　C．use a very special chemical language which is familiar to us

　　D．respond to the attack by giving off poisonous chemicals

　　6．When being eaten by an insect，the plant will________.

　　A．walk away from trouble

　　B．change its chemistry to kill the insect

　　C．release a chemical vapor to “ask” other plants for help

　　D．give off nice chemicals to attract friendly insects killing the pest

　　7．The underlined word “alert” most probably means “________”．

　　A．warn

　　B．protect

　　C．threaten

　　D．allow

　　8．Which would be the best title for the passage?

　　A．Communication between Plants

　　B．A Chemical “Language”

　　C．Plants Can Talk

　　D．How Plants Protect Themselves

　　語篇解讀　本文是一篇科普類文章，主要講述了“植物的特殊語言”及其功能，以及這種特殊語言對農業生產可能產生的指導意義。

　　5．A　細節理解題。根據文章第二段中的“Plants are able to communicate with all sorts of organisms (有機體)．..They do this chemically.”可知，植物能夠與其他生物通過化學方式進行交流。6．D　細節理解題。根據文章第三段中的“when a plant senses that it’s being eaten...on the contrary，it will release a chemical vapor...”以及文章倒數第二段中的“Those chemicals attract friendly insects that attack the pests eating the plant.”可知，當植物被昆蟲吞食的時候，植物會釋放一種化學蒸汽，這種化學蒸汽能夠吸引有益的昆蟲來襲擊害蟲。7．A　詞義猜測題。根據上下文語境可知，植物在遭受攻擊時會釋放一種化學物質，這種化學物質有兩種功能，一是警示危險的存在，二是發出求助信息。由此可知，此處的alert應該意為“警示，警惕”，即warn。8．C　主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了“植物的特殊語言”及其功能。C項既能概括文章的主題又生動風趣，尤其是talk一詞充滿了擬人化的幽默感。根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

　　There were times when it was only schoolchildren who felt sick before they got their grades.__1__

　　Many teachers are opposed to it.They don't mind being evaluated.But they are upset because the results are then being posted on the Internet and accessible to millions of Internet users.__2__The teachers are graded on categories such as “motivated”，“good instruction”，“easy examinations”，or even “sexy”．__3__

　　The creators of the website say that the students are only being offered the chance to provide teachers with some feedback(反饋)about their classroom instruction.Bernd Dicks founded the website with three friends.__4__On a grading scale of one to six, the teachers' average grade is as high as 2.7 and it has been improving lately.He often says the impression is that students are bullying(欺負)their teachers.But there is also bullying of the students by teachers.

　　“Teachers must also learn to live with criticism，” he added.But still, the website is not totally prevented from being manipulated(人為操縱)，as one teacher near the northern city of Hanover recently proved.__5__Within a few days, seven of his colleagues were listed in the top 10 rankings of Germany's best teachers.

　　A．On the website www.spickmich.de during the past four months students have posted evaluations of 100，000 teachers.

　　B．He registered himself on the website as a student and then rated his own teaching colleagues highly.

　　C．Many teachers think that their privacy has been disturbed.

　　D．But now teachers in Germany are scared, too, as they are being graded by their students.

　　E．He says that the students are largely quite satisfied with their teachers.

　　F．He says a majority of the students expressed their dissatisfaction with their teachers.

　　G．He tried to make friends with students as many as possible.

　　【語篇解讀】 老師給學生寫評語司空見慣，可是如果換而言之呢？在德國有的學生通過在網上給老師打分來判斷其教學成績和綜合能力，這引起了軒然大波。

　　1．D　[上一句的before they got their grades說的是相對于學生而言，而該項的now teachers in Germany are scared既說明本文的中心，也引起了讀者的興趣。]

　　2．A　[上一句的accessible to millions of Internet users和該項的On the website www.spickmich.de吻合，用例證說明老師們對這種方式的反感。]

　　3．C　[將老師分為“motivated”，“good instruction”，“easy examinations”或可接受，但是上一句的or even “sexy”說明對教師的不良影響之深，這些做法必然會引起不良反應，和該項的privacy has been disturbed吻合。]

　　4．E　[該項的He says和上一句的Bernd Dicks吻合，說明這個建立網站的人的觀點和看法。F項和事實正好相反，所以不能選擇。]

　　5．B　[該項的registered himself on the website as a student and then rated his own teaching colleagues highly是對上一句的being manipulated的舉例說明。G項并不屬于人為操縱的例子。]

　　書面表達

　　隨著人民生活水平的不斷提高，越來越多的人加入了“有車一族”，可是隨之而來的不便和污染也越來越明顯。各大城市均飽嘗了堵車之痛。北京市也在廣泛征集治堵良方，請根據下面圖中的相關信息，結合自己的理解，寫一封倡議書，表達一下自己的觀點，倡導綠色出行。詞數100左右。

　　Let's Go Cycling!

　　As is depicted in the picture above，we can see that the streets are filled with so many cars that the traffic jams happen very frequently，which has very bad influence on the life of the people.

　　_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　___________________________________________________________________

　　【參考范文】

　　Let's Go Cycling!

　　As is depicted in the picture above，we can see that the streets are filled with so many cars that the traffic jams happen very frequently，which has very bad influence on the life of the people.

　　Nowadays we Chinese people are living a comparatively rich life.People buy cars to go out very conveniently.But what we have to mention is that so many cars on the road might not be a good thing for the city traffic.Sometimes it is easy to get jammed.Always using cars is not good for health and it produces to some degree air pollution.

　　The bicycle is a Chinese traditional stereotype.Many people like to go cycling.Cycling is recreation，a sport，and a means of transport.The bicycle is an efficient means of transportation.In fact，cycling is more efficient than any other method of travel！It is absolutely an energy-saving means of transportation.

　　Let's go cycling！

　　Module 6　The Internet and Telecommunications閱讀理解

　　A

　　A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps.One should always live in the best company，whether it is of books or of men.

　　A good book may be among the best of friends.It is the most patient and cheerful of companions.It always receives us with the same kindness，amusing and instructing us in youth， and comforting us in age.

　　Men often discover their similarity to each other by the common love they have for a book just as two people sometimes discover a friend by the admiration which both entertain for a third.There is an old proverb，“Love me，love my dog.” But there is more wisdom in this：“Love me，love my book.” The book is a truer and higher bond (紐帶) of union.Men can think，feel，and sympathize with each other through their favorite author.They_live_in_him_together，and_he_in_them.

　　A good book is often the best container of a life preserving the best that life could think out，for the world of a man’s life is，for the most part，the world of his thoughts.Thus the best books are treasures of good words and the golden thoughts，which become our steady companions and comforters.

　　Books are by far the most lasting products of human effort.Temples and statues decay (腐朽)，but good books survive.Time is of no account with great thoughts，which are as fresh today as when they first passed through their author’s minds ages ago.

　　The great and good do not die，even in this world.Preserved in books，their spirits walked abroad.The book is a living voice.It is an intellect (智者) to which one still listens.

　　1．The writer introduces the topic of the passage by________.

　　A．describing life experience of great writers

　　B．telling his own story of reading good books

　　C．presenting the best thoughts in good books

　　D．comparing good books to good friends in life

　　2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean?

　　A．Readers feel sympathy for the author.

　　B．Readers live together with the author.

　　C．Readers and the author share the same feeling.

　　D．Readers are the author’s companions and comforters.

　　3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A．We can learn about the great and good through

　　books.

　　B．The most important part of a man’s life is his treasures.

　　C．Good books help as to know about their authors’ friends.

　　D．Books are often regarded as best containers in our life.

　　4．The passage mainly tells us that ________.

　　A．one should have some good friends

　　B．one should read as many books as possible

　　C．one should keep company with good books

　　D．books are the most lasting products of human effort

　　語篇解讀　本文是一篇優美的散文。一本好書就是最好的朋友。好書是金玉良言和崇高思想的寶庫。

　　1．D　寫作手法題。根據第一段內容和第二段第一句可知D項正確。2．C　句意理解題。根據“Men can think，feel，and sympathize with each other through their favorite author.”可知，畫線句子的意思是人們與自己喜歡的作家有著相同的感受，故C項正確。3．A　推理判斷題。根據最后一段內容可推知，A項正確。其他選項均與文章內容不符。4．C　主旨大意題。全文圍繞書是人類的朋友展開描寫，說明一個人應該和好書相伴，故C 項正確。B

　　Talking plants might sound like characters in a fairy tale.But recent scientific studies have shown that plants communicate with each other and with other living things in a surprising number of ways.To understand them，scientists say，we just have to learn their language.Farmers are especially interested in what plants have to say.

　　“Plants are able to communicate with all sorts of organisms (有機體)．They can communicate with giant bacteria，with other plants and with insects.They do this chemically，” said Cahill，an Ecology Professor of the University of Alberta in Canada.

　　Plant scientists are just beginning to understand this chemical “language”．Cahill says studies have shown，for example，that plants can evaluate conditions in their immediate environment and take appropriate actions.Plants have an ability，for example，to signal pain or discomfort caused by anything from temperature extremes to an insect attack.Jack Schultz，a professor of chemical ecology at the University of Missouri，says when a plant senses that it’s being eaten，it cannot walk away from trouble；on the contrary，it will release a chemical vapor that alerts other plants nearby.

　　“Their language is a chemical language，and it involves chemicals that move through the air that are easy to be changeable，and most of all are smells that we are familiar with，” Schultz explained.

　　“All plants responded to the attack by changing their chemistry to defend themselves，” Schultz recalled.“But we were quite surprised to find that nearby plants also changed their chemistry to defend themselves，even though they were not part of the experiment.”

　　Studies have also shown that plants under attack release pleasant chemicals.Those chemicals attract friendly insects that attack the pests eating the plant.

　　In the end，plants’ ability to communicate their needs—and our ability to understand them—could help farmers reduce the use of poisonous chemicals，cut operating costs and limit damage to the environment.

　　5．The recent scientific studies have shown that plants can________.

　　A．communicate with other living things in a chemical way

　　B．hardly react to any sudden change in temperature

　　C．use a very special chemical language which is familiar to us

　　D．respond to the attack by giving off poisonous chemicals

　　6．When being eaten by an insect，the plant will________.

　　A．walk away from trouble

　　B．change its chemistry to kill the insect

　　C．release a chemical vapor to “ask” other plants for help

　　D．give off nice chemicals to attract friendly insects killing the pest

　　7．The underlined word “alert” most probably means “________”．

　　A．warn

　　B．protect

　　C．threaten

　　D．allow

　　8．Which would be the best title for the passage?

　　A．Communication between Plants

　　B．A Chemical “Language”

　　C．Plants Can Talk

　　D．How Plants Protect Themselves

　　語篇解讀　本文是一篇科普類文章，主要講述了“植物的特殊語言”及其功能，以及這種特殊語言對農業生產可能產生的指導意義。

　　5．A　細節理解題。根據文章第二段中的“Plants are able to communicate with all sorts of organisms (有機體)．..They do this chemically.”可知，植物能夠與其他生物通過化學方式進行交流。6．D　細節理解題。根據文章第三段中的“when a plant senses that it’s being eaten...on the contrary，it will release a chemical vapor...”以及文章倒數第二段中的“Those chemicals attract friendly insects that attack the pests eating the plant.”可知，當植物被昆蟲吞食的時候，植物會釋放一種化學蒸汽，這種化學蒸汽能夠吸引有益的昆蟲來襲擊害蟲。7．A　詞義猜測題。根據上下文語境可知，植物在遭受攻擊時會釋放一種化學物質，這種化學物質有兩種功能，一是警示危險的存在，二是發出求助信息。由此可知，此處的alert應該意為“警示，警惕”，即warn。8．C　主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了“植物的特殊語言”及其功能。C項既能概括文章的主題又生動風趣，尤其是talk一詞充滿了擬人化的幽默感。根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

　　There were times when it was only schoolchildren who felt sick before they got their grades.__1__

　　Many teachers are opposed to it.They don't mind being evaluated.But they are upset because the results are then being posted on the Internet and accessible to millions of Internet users.__2__The teachers are graded on categories such as “motivated”，“good instruction”，“easy examinations”，or even “sexy”．__3__

　　The creators of the website say that the students are only being offered the chance to provide teachers with some feedback(反饋)about their classroom instruction.Bernd Dicks founded the website with three friends.__4__On a grading scale of one to six, the teachers' average grade is as high as 2.7 and it has been improving lately.He often says the impression is that students are bullying(欺負)their teachers.But there is also bullying of the students by teachers.

　　“Teachers must also learn to live with criticism，” he added.But still, the website is not totally prevented from being manipulated(人為操縱)，as one teacher near the northern city of Hanover recently proved.__5__Within a few days, seven of his colleagues were listed in the top 10 rankings of Germany's best teachers.

　　A．On the website www.spickmich.de during the past four months students have posted evaluations of 100，000 teachers.

　　B．He registered himself on the website as a student and then rated his own teaching colleagues highly.

　　C．Many teachers think that their privacy has been disturbed.

　　D．But now teachers in Germany are scared, too, as they are being graded by their students.

　　E．He says that the students are largely quite satisfied with their teachers.

　　F．He says a majority of the students expressed their dissatisfaction with their teachers.

　　G．He tried to make friends with students as many as possible.

　　【語篇解讀】 老師給學生寫評語司空見慣，可是如果換而言之呢？在德國有的學生通過在網上給老師打分來判斷其教學成績和綜合能力，這引起了軒然大波。

　　1．D　[上一句的before they got their grades說的是相對于學生而言，而該項的now teachers in Germany are scared既說明本文的中心，也引起了讀者的興趣。]

　　2．A　[上一句的accessible to millions of Internet users和該項的On the website www.spickmich.de吻合，用例證說明老師們對這種方式的反感。]

　　3．C　[將老師分為“motivated”，“good instruction”，“easy examinations”或可接受，但是上一句的or even “sexy”說明對教師的不良影響之深，這些做法必然會引起不良反應，和該項的privacy has been disturbed吻合。]

　　4．E　[該項的He says和上一句的Bernd Dicks吻合，說明這個建立網站的人的觀點和看法。F項和事實正好相反，所以不能選擇。]

　　5．B　[該項的registered himself on the website as a student and then rated his own teaching colleagues highly是對上一句的being manipulated的舉例說明。G項并不屬于人為操縱的例子。]

　　書面表達

　　隨著人民生活水平的不斷提高，越來越多的人加入了“有車一族”，可是隨之而來的不便和污染也越來越明顯。各大城市均飽嘗了堵車之痛。北京市也在廣泛征集治堵良方，請根據下面圖中的相關信息，結合自己的理解，寫一封倡議書，表達一下自己的觀點，倡導綠色出行。詞數100左右。

　　Let's Go Cycling!

　　As is depicted in the picture above，we can see that the streets are filled with so many cars that the traffic jams happen very frequently，which has very bad influence on the life of the people.

　　_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　___________________________________________________________________

　　【參考范文】

　　Let's Go Cycling!

　　As is depicted in the picture above，we can see that the streets are filled with so many cars that the traffic jams happen very frequently，which has very bad influence on the life of the people.

　　Nowadays we Chinese people are living a comparatively rich life.People buy cars to go out very conveniently.But what we have to mention is that so many cars on the road might not be a good thing for the city traffic.Sometimes it is easy to get jammed.Always using cars is not good for health and it produces to some degree air pollution.

　　The bicycle is a Chinese traditional stereotype.Many people like to go cycling.Cycling is recreation，a sport，and a means of transport.The bicycle is an efficient means of transportation.In fact，cycling is more efficient than any other method of travel！It is absolutely an energy-saving means of transportation.

　　Let's go cycling！