巧用with復合結構
with復合結構是學生學習英語時經常接觸的句型，也是高考考查的熱點。在高三課本第六、第十單元的Reading部分中，出現了下面的句子。
There was an electric bell that did not work，with a card next to it bearing the nameMr.James Dillingham Young.
在這個句子中，with+名詞+介詞短語構成復合結構在句子中作狀語。
Now we were on our feet with another 500 miles to go.
在這個句子中，with+名詞+to do構成復合結構在句子中作狀語。
1.with復合結構的構成
with+賓語+賓語補足語，構成with復合結構，賓語可以是名詞或是代詞，賓語補足語可以是介詞短語、過去分詞、現在分詞、形容詞、動詞不定式、副詞。且with后面的賓語與其后的賓語補足語有邏輯上的主謂關系。
1)With+賓語+介詞短語
He was asleep with his head on his arms.
2)with+賓語+過去分詞
All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.
He lay in bed with his head covered.
3)with+賓語+現在分詞
With winter coming on，its time to buy warm clothes.
4)with+賓語+todo
I cant go out with all these dishes to wash.
5)with+賓語+形容詞/副詞
With John away，weve got more room.
Anderson was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.
2.with復合結構的作用
with復合結構在句子中作狀語，表示原因、時間、條件、伴隨、方式等。請閱讀下面的句子。
1)We sat on the dry grass with our backs to the wall.
2)She could not leave with her painful duty unfulfilled.
3)He lay in bed with his head covered.
4)Jack soon fell asleep with the light still burning.
5)I wont be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.
6)He sat with his arms clasped around his knees.
注：with復合結構在句子中還可以作定語，閱讀下面的句子。
1)There was a letter for Lanny with a Swiss stamp on it.(作定語修飾letter)
2)It was a vast stretch of country with cities in the distance.
練習1：請選擇最佳答案
1)With nothing_______to burn，the fire became weak and finally died out.
A.leaving B.left
C.leave D.toleave
2)The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes_______on the wall.
A.fixing
B.fixed
C.to be fixing
D.to be fixed
3)I live in the house with its door_________to the south.
A.facing
B.faces
C.faced
D.being faced
4)They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights____.
A.burn
B.burnt
C.burning
D.to burn
練習2：用with復合結構完成下列句子
1)_____________，I couldnt go to see the doctor.
2)She sat__________.
3)The day was bright_____.
4)_________________________，he went to Hollywood.
練習3：把下列句子中的劃線部分改寫成with復合結構。
1)Because our lessons were over，we went to play football.
_____________________________.
2)The children came running towards us and held some flowers in their hands.
_____________________________.
3)My mother is ill，so I wont be able to go on holiday.
_____________________________.
4)An exam will be held tomorrow，so I couldnt go to the cinema tonight.
_____________________________.
答案及分析
答案(練習1)：
1)答案是B。with的賓語nothing和動詞leave是被動關系，所以用過去分詞形式作賓語補足語。
2)答案是B。短語fix ones eyes on
sth是盯著看的意思，所以句中hereyes和動詞fix是被動關系，所以用過去分詞。
3)答案是A。face朝、向，是不及物動詞，所以和itsdoor是主動關系，所以用現在分詞形式。4)答案是C。burn點燃、發亮、發光，是不及物動詞，所以和theirlights是主動關系，所以用現在分詞。
答案：
1)With a lot of work to do
2)with her head bent
3)with a fresh breeze blowing
4)With a dream in heart
答案：
1)With our lessons over ，we went to play football.
2)The children came running towards us with the flowers in their hands.
3)With my mother being will，I wont be able to go on holiday.
4)With the exam to be held tomorrow，I couldnt go to the cinema tonight.
with復合結構是學生學習英語時經常接觸的句型，也是高考考查的熱點。在高三課本第六、第十單元的Reading部分中，出現了下面的句子。
There was an electric bell that did not work，with a card next to it bearing the nameMr.James Dillingham Young.
在這個句子中，with+名詞+介詞短語構成復合結構在句子中作狀語。
Now we were on our feet with another 500 miles to go.
在這個句子中，with+名詞+to do構成復合結構在句子中作狀語。
1.with復合結構的構成
with+賓語+賓語補足語，構成with復合結構，賓語可以是名詞或是代詞，賓語補足語可以是介詞短語、過去分詞、現在分詞、形容詞、動詞不定式、副詞。且with后面的賓語與其后的賓語補足語有邏輯上的主謂關系。
1)With+賓語+介詞短語
He was asleep with his head on his arms.
2)with+賓語+過去分詞
All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.
He lay in bed with his head covered.
3)with+賓語+現在分詞
With winter coming on，its time to buy warm clothes.
4)with+賓語+todo
I cant go out with all these dishes to wash.
5)with+賓語+形容詞/副詞
With John away，weve got more room.
Anderson was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.
2.with復合結構的作用
with復合結構在句子中作狀語，表示原因、時間、條件、伴隨、方式等。請閱讀下面的句子。
1)We sat on the dry grass with our backs to the wall.
2)She could not leave with her painful duty unfulfilled.
3)He lay in bed with his head covered.
4)Jack soon fell asleep with the light still burning.
5)I wont be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.
6)He sat with his arms clasped around his knees.
注：with復合結構在句子中還可以作定語，閱讀下面的句子。
1)There was a letter for Lanny with a Swiss stamp on it.(作定語修飾letter)
2)It was a vast stretch of country with cities in the distance.
練習1：請選擇最佳答案
1)With nothing_______to burn，the fire became weak and finally died out.
A.leaving B.left
C.leave D.toleave
2)The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes_______on the wall.
A.fixing
B.fixed
C.to be fixing
D.to be fixed
3)I live in the house with its door_________to the south.
A.facing
B.faces
C.faced
D.being faced
4)They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights____.
A.burn
B.burnt
C.burning
D.to burn
練習2：用with復合結構完成下列句子
1)_____________，I couldnt go to see the doctor.
2)She sat__________.
3)The day was bright_____.
4)_________________________，he went to Hollywood.
練習3：把下列句子中的劃線部分改寫成with復合結構。
1)Because our lessons were over，we went to play football.
_____________________________.
2)The children came running towards us and held some flowers in their hands.
_____________________________.
3)My mother is ill，so I wont be able to go on holiday.
_____________________________.
4)An exam will be held tomorrow，so I couldnt go to the cinema tonight.
_____________________________.
答案及分析
答案(練習1)：
1)答案是B。with的賓語nothing和動詞leave是被動關系，所以用過去分詞形式作賓語補足語。
2)答案是B。短語fix ones eyes on
sth是盯著看的意思，所以句中hereyes和動詞fix是被動關系，所以用過去分詞。
3)答案是A。face朝、向，是不及物動詞，所以和itsdoor是主動關系，所以用現在分詞形式。4)答案是C。burn點燃、發亮、發光，是不及物動詞，所以和theirlights是主動關系，所以用現在分詞。
答案：
1)With a lot of work to do
2)with her head bent
3)with a fresh breeze blowing
4)With a dream in heart
答案：
1)With our lessons over ，we went to play football.
2)The children came running towards us with the flowers in their hands.
3)With my mother being will，I wont be able to go on holiday.
4)With the exam to be held tomorrow，I couldnt go to the cinema tonight.
