中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤一覽表5

　　 E

　　 ?

　　 each ?

　　 [誤] Every of them has his habit.?

　　 [正] Each of them has his habit.?

　　 [析] each可以作形容詞,但也可作代詞,而every只能作形容詞。?

　　 [誤] The manager comes to America almost each month.?

　　 [正] The manager comes to America almost every month.?

　　 [析] each與every都作形容詞講時(shí),都有每個(gè)之意,但有不同。each多指?jìng)€(gè)體,而every則多指整體。如:We want every student to succeed. each不同來(lái)表達(dá)總體概念,所以不能與almost, nearly, likely等詞連用。?

　　 [誤] We each has a book.?

　　 [正] We each have a book.?

　　 [析] each 作同位語(yǔ)時(shí),其數(shù)應(yīng)與其同位的名詞相同,而each作主語(yǔ)時(shí)則應(yīng)取其單數(shù)形式。 ?

　　 each other one another ?

　　 each other與one another這兩個(gè)詞組的區(qū)別在很多語(yǔ)法書(shū)中強(qiáng)調(diào)each other是兩者之間,而one another是多者之間,其實(shí)不然,如:All students must care for each other, must love and help each other. 事實(shí)上這兩個(gè)詞組是同義的,如果要講有什么區(qū)別的話,當(dāng)我們非常籠統(tǒng)地談,而不特指什么人時(shí),多用one another.?

　　 early ?

　　 [誤] Could you come here more early??

　　 [正] Could you come here earlier??

　　 [析] 單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)要用?er和?est來(lái)作其結(jié)尾,如fast, soon, early, hard, long, near等。?

　　 earth ?

　　 [誤] What on the earth do you mean??

　　 [正] What on earth do you mean??

　　 [析] on earth這一詞組在句中為的是加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣,其意為究竟、到底。而作為地球講時(shí)則要加定冠詞,如:How far is the earth from the moon. 而作為泥土講時(shí)則為不可數(shù)名詞,如:He filled the pot with earth and wanted to plant some flowers.?

　　 easy ?

　　 [誤] You can easy imagine my surprise.?

　　 [正] You can easily imagine my surprise.?

　　 [析] easy只在有限的詞組中被用作副詞,如take it easy (不要緊張),go easy, stand easy等。 例如:Easy come, easy go. (錢來(lái)的容易花的也快. )Easier said than done. (說(shuō)的容易做著難。) ?

　　 east ?

　　 [誤] Japan is on the east of China.?

　　 [正] Japan is to the east of China.?

　　 [析] 在講述地理位置時(shí),有3個(gè)介詞常用,它們是in, on和to, 其中in表示處于所表達(dá)的范圍之內(nèi),如:Shanghai is in the east of China. on則表示雙方接壤,如:North Korea is on the northeast of China. 而表示互不相接的兩部分時(shí)則用to, 如:Taiwan is to the east of Fujian.?

　　 either ?

　　 [誤] -I don't like opera.

　　 ?-I don't like too. ?

　　 [正] -I don't like opera.

　　 ?-I don't like either. ?

　　 [析] 在否定句中用either表示也,而在肯定句中用too表示也。?

　　 [誤] Either you or I are right.?

　　 [正] Either you or I am right.?

　　 [析] 這在語(yǔ)法書(shū)中被稱作就近原則,即哪個(gè)主語(yǔ)離謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞近,則應(yīng)采用與哪個(gè)主語(yǔ)相一致的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,相同用法的還有neithernor,not onlybut also,以及or在連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)。如:You or he is to go home. The others will have to stay in the classroom.?

　　 elder ?

　　 [誤] My older brother has gone to Shanghai.?

　　 [正] My elder brother has gone to Shanghai.?

　　 [析] 在表示兄姐的長(zhǎng)幼時(shí)應(yīng)用elder表示哥哥姐姐,如:my elder sister 姐姐,但表示歲數(shù)時(shí)則多用older,如:She is two years older than I.?

　　 empty ?

　　 [誤] Are these seats empty??

　　 [正] Are these seats taken??

　　 [析] empty是指空洞的沒(méi)有任何物體,如:The house was empty, 其意思是沒(méi)有任何家具或屋內(nèi)無(wú)人。但座位是否有人坐應(yīng)用take.?

　　 English ?

　　 [誤] My sister studied English language very well.?

　　 [正] My sister studied the English language very well.?

　　 [正] My sister studied English very well.?

　　 [析] 在泛指某一種學(xué)科時(shí),不應(yīng)加冠詞,如:I like history.但如特指某一門學(xué)科時(shí)則應(yīng)加冠詞,如:He likes the history of America.?

　　 enjoy ?

　　 [誤] I enjoy to play football.?

　　 [正] I enjoy playing football.?

　　 [析] enjoy后要接動(dòng)名詞,而不接不定式。?

　　 [誤] Did you enjoy at the English evening??

　　 [正] Did you enjoy yourself at the English evening??

　　 enough ?

　　 [誤] I'm sorry. You are not studying enough carefully.?

　　 [正] I'm sorry. You are not studying carefully enough.?

　　 [析] enough要用在形容詞或副詞之后。?

　　 [誤] Do you have enough of money??

　　 [正] Do you have enough money??

　　 [正] Do you have enough of the money??

　　 [誤] The coffee isn't enough.?

　　 [正] There isn't enough coffee.?

　　 [析] enough可以作be動(dòng)詞的表語(yǔ),但其主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是代詞,如:That's enough. It was ?enough.? 如果是名詞時(shí)應(yīng)換用上面的句型。?

　　 entrance ?

　　 [誤] The entrance of the cinema is on your right.?

　　 [正] The entrance to the cinema is on your right.?

　　 [析] 在表示通往某處時(shí)entrance后面多用to作介詞。這樣的用法還有key to the door, answer to the question等。?

　　 evening ?

　　 [誤] I walked home in a cold evening.?

　　 [正] I walked home on a cold evening.?

　　 [析] in the evening這一詞組如加上另外的修飾詞則其介詞應(yīng)換為on.?

　　 everyone ?

　　 [誤] Everyone of you goes to class.?

　　 [正] Every one of you goes to class.?

　　 [析] everyone其后不能接of結(jié)構(gòu)。在否定句中如果要講每一個(gè)人都沒(méi)有注意到它,就譯作:Nobody noticed it. 要注意Every one of us is not right. 應(yīng)譯為我們不都對(duì)。而None of us are right. 才應(yīng)譯為我們?nèi)e(cuò)了。?

　　 exam ?

　　 [誤] We take part in an exam.?

　　 [正] We take an exam.?

　　 [析] take part in為參加某種活動(dòng),運(yùn)動(dòng),而在學(xué)科中選擇某一學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)并進(jìn)行考試應(yīng)用take.?

　　 except ?

　　 [誤] The room is clean except two desks.?

　　 [正] The room is clean except for two desks.?

　　 [誤] I come here every day except for Sunday.?

　　 [正] I come here every day except Sunday.?

　　 [析] 在同一類物體中排除某一部分用except, 在不同類物體中排除某一物體時(shí)用except for。而except that其后接從句,如:She is a good girl except that she is careless sometimes. ?而besides則是包括在內(nèi),如我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)同時(shí)還學(xué)法語(yǔ)。應(yīng)譯為:I study English besides French.?

　　 exercise ?

　　 [誤] The students exercise spoken English in the morning.?

　　 [正] The students practise spoken English in the morning.?

　　 [析] exercise多指運(yùn)動(dòng)、訓(xùn)練,而practise則多指把理論付諸于實(shí)踐的練習(xí)。?

　　 [誤] Everyone should do exercises every day.?

　　 [正] Everyone should do exercise every day.?

　　 [析] 作為運(yùn)動(dòng)講exercise是不可數(shù)名詞,而當(dāng)練習(xí)、體操、早操則是可數(shù)名詞,例如:I do a lot exercises in the P.E. class.?

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　　中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤一覽表5

　　 E

　　 ?

　　 each ?

　　 [誤] Every of them has his habit.?

　　 [正] Each of them has his habit.?

　　 [析] each可以作形容詞,但也可作代詞,而every只能作形容詞。?

　　 [誤] The manager comes to America almost each month.?

　　 [正] The manager comes to America almost every month.?

　　 [析] each與every都作形容詞講時(shí),都有每個(gè)之意,但有不同。each多指?jìng)€(gè)體,而every則多指整體。如:We want every student to succeed. each不同來(lái)表達(dá)總體概念,所以不能與almost, nearly, likely等詞連用。?

　　 [誤] We each has a book.?

　　 [正] We each have a book.?

　　 [析] each 作同位語(yǔ)時(shí),其數(shù)應(yīng)與其同位的名詞相同,而each作主語(yǔ)時(shí)則應(yīng)取其單數(shù)形式。 ?

　　 each other one another ?

　　 each other與one another這兩個(gè)詞組的區(qū)別在很多語(yǔ)法書(shū)中強(qiáng)調(diào)each other是兩者之間,而one another是多者之間,其實(shí)不然,如:All students must care for each other, must love and help each other. 事實(shí)上這兩個(gè)詞組是同義的,如果要講有什么區(qū)別的話,當(dāng)我們非常籠統(tǒng)地談,而不特指什么人時(shí),多用one another.?

　　 early ?

　　 [誤] Could you come here more early??

　　 [正] Could you come here earlier??

　　 [析] 單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)要用?er和?est來(lái)作其結(jié)尾,如fast, soon, early, hard, long, near等。?

　　 earth ?

　　 [誤] What on the earth do you mean??

　　 [正] What on earth do you mean??

　　 [析] on earth這一詞組在句中為的是加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣,其意為究竟、到底。而作為地球講時(shí)則要加定冠詞,如:How far is the earth from the moon. 而作為泥土講時(shí)則為不可數(shù)名詞,如:He filled the pot with earth and wanted to plant some flowers.?

　　 easy ?

　　 [誤] You can easy imagine my surprise.?

　　 [正] You can easily imagine my surprise.?

　　 [析] easy只在有限的詞組中被用作副詞,如take it easy (不要緊張),go easy, stand easy等。 例如:Easy come, easy go. (錢來(lái)的容易花的也快. )Easier said than done. (說(shuō)的容易做著難。) ?

　　 east ?

　　 [誤] Japan is on the east of China.?

　　 [正] Japan is to the east of China.?

　　 [析] 在講述地理位置時(shí),有3個(gè)介詞常用,它們是in, on和to, 其中in表示處于所表達(dá)的范圍之內(nèi),如:Shanghai is in the east of China. on則表示雙方接壤,如:North Korea is on the northeast of China. 而表示互不相接的兩部分時(shí)則用to, 如:Taiwan is to the east of Fujian.?

　　 either ?

　　 [誤] -I don't like opera.

　　 ?-I don't like too. ?

　　 [正] -I don't like opera.

　　 ?-I don't like either. ?

　　 [析] 在否定句中用either表示也,而在肯定句中用too表示也。?

　　 [誤] Either you or I are right.?

　　 [正] Either you or I am right.?

　　 [析] 這在語(yǔ)法書(shū)中被稱作就近原則,即哪個(gè)主語(yǔ)離謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞近,則應(yīng)采用與哪個(gè)主語(yǔ)相一致的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,相同用法的還有neithernor,not onlybut also,以及or在連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)。如:You or he is to go home. The others will have to stay in the classroom.?

　　 elder ?

　　 [誤] My older brother has gone to Shanghai.?

　　 [正] My elder brother has gone to Shanghai.?

　　 [析] 在表示兄姐的長(zhǎng)幼時(shí)應(yīng)用elder表示哥哥姐姐,如:my elder sister 姐姐,但表示歲數(shù)時(shí)則多用older,如:She is two years older than I.?

　　 empty ?

　　 [誤] Are these seats empty??

　　 [正] Are these seats taken??

　　 [析] empty是指空洞的沒(méi)有任何物體,如:The house was empty, 其意思是沒(méi)有任何家具或屋內(nèi)無(wú)人。但座位是否有人坐應(yīng)用take.?

　　 English ?

　　 [誤] My sister studied English language very well.?

　　 [正] My sister studied the English language very well.?

　　 [正] My sister studied English very well.?

　　 [析] 在泛指某一種學(xué)科時(shí),不應(yīng)加冠詞,如:I like history.但如特指某一門學(xué)科時(shí)則應(yīng)加冠詞,如:He likes the history of America.?

　　 enjoy ?

　　 [誤] I enjoy to play football.?

　　 [正] I enjoy playing football.?

　　 [析] enjoy后要接動(dòng)名詞,而不接不定式。?

　　 [誤] Did you enjoy at the English evening??

　　 [正] Did you enjoy yourself at the English evening??

　　 enough ?

　　 [誤] I'm sorry. You are not studying enough carefully.?

　　 [正] I'm sorry. You are not studying carefully enough.?

　　 [析] enough要用在形容詞或副詞之后。?

　　 [誤] Do you have enough of money??

　　 [正] Do you have enough money??

　　 [正] Do you have enough of the money??

　　 [誤] The coffee isn't enough.?

　　 [正] There isn't enough coffee.?

　　 [析] enough可以作be動(dòng)詞的表語(yǔ),但其主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是代詞,如:That's enough. It was ?enough.? 如果是名詞時(shí)應(yīng)換用上面的句型。?

　　 entrance ?

　　 [誤] The entrance of the cinema is on your right.?

　　 [正] The entrance to the cinema is on your right.?

　　 [析] 在表示通往某處時(shí)entrance后面多用to作介詞。這樣的用法還有key to the door, answer to the question等。?

　　 evening ?

　　 [誤] I walked home in a cold evening.?

　　 [正] I walked home on a cold evening.?

　　 [析] in the evening這一詞組如加上另外的修飾詞則其介詞應(yīng)換為on.?

　　 everyone ?

　　 [誤] Everyone of you goes to class.?

　　 [正] Every one of you goes to class.?

　　 [析] everyone其后不能接of結(jié)構(gòu)。在否定句中如果要講每一個(gè)人都沒(méi)有注意到它,就譯作:Nobody noticed it. 要注意Every one of us is not right. 應(yīng)譯為我們不都對(duì)。而None of us are right. 才應(yīng)譯為我們?nèi)e(cuò)了。?

　　 exam ?

　　 [誤] We take part in an exam.?

　　 [正] We take an exam.?

　　 [析] take part in為參加某種活動(dòng),運(yùn)動(dòng),而在學(xué)科中選擇某一學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)并進(jìn)行考試應(yīng)用take.?

　　 except ?

　　 [誤] The room is clean except two desks.?

　　 [正] The room is clean except for two desks.?

　　 [誤] I come here every day except for Sunday.?

　　 [正] I come here every day except Sunday.?

　　 [析] 在同一類物體中排除某一部分用except, 在不同類物體中排除某一物體時(shí)用except for。而except that其后接從句,如:She is a good girl except that she is careless sometimes. ?而besides則是包括在內(nèi),如我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)同時(shí)還學(xué)法語(yǔ)。應(yīng)譯為:I study English besides French.?

　　 exercise ?

　　 [誤] The students exercise spoken English in the morning.?

　　 [正] The students practise spoken English in the morning.?

　　 [析] exercise多指運(yùn)動(dòng)、訓(xùn)練,而practise則多指把理論付諸于實(shí)踐的練習(xí)。?

　　 [誤] Everyone should do exercises every day.?

　　 [正] Everyone should do exercise every day.?

　　 [析] 作為運(yùn)動(dòng)講exercise是不可數(shù)名詞,而當(dāng)練習(xí)、體操、早操則是可數(shù)名詞,例如:I do a lot exercises in the P.E. class.?

　　-