雅思閱讀長句難句 分析練習
從句
1.First it will pass through sharp metal bars which will tear open the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed.
結構： 全句有3個謂語動詞：will pass，will tear和is。其中主句的是will pass。句子主干是it will pass through sharp metal bars。第一個which引導的定語從句修飾的是sharp metal bars。第二個which引導的定語從句修飾的是the plastic bags。這是大定語從句里面還有一個小定語從句。句子可以拆分為：
1. First it will pass through sharp metal bars.
2. The metal bars will tear open the plastic bags.
3. Rubbish is usually packed in the bags.
翻譯：首先，垃圾要通過尖的金屬棒，金屬棒會把裝垃圾的塑料袋弄破。
2.When we talk about someones personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.
結構：全句有4組謂語動詞：talk，mean，acts/speaks/thinks/feels和make。其中主句的是：mean。句首是When引導的時間狀語從句。之后which引導的定語從句和that引導的定語從句都是修飾the ways的。句子可以拆分為：
1. We talk about someones personality.
2. We mean the ways.
3. He or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels in these ways.
4. These make that individual different from others.
翻譯：當我們談到某個人的個性時，我們指的是他/她在行為，言談和思考以及感覺等方面的方式。這些方式使這個人區別于他人。
3.Competition is not only good in itself, it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity and hard work are protected.
結構：全句有3個謂語動詞：is, is和are protected。其中主句的是：is, is。全句由兩個有遞進關系的單句構成。其中，which引導的是定語從句，修飾the means。句子可被拆分為：
1. Competition is not only good in itself.
2. It is the means.
3. Other basic American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity and hard work are protected by these means.
翻譯：競爭不但本身就是好事，還是其他基本的美國價值觀如個人自由，機會平等和勤奮工作等得到保護的手段。
4. The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, painfree life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness.
結構： 全句有3個謂語動詞：hold，equals和reduce。其中主句的是reduces。句子主干為：The way actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness。The way 后面是省略了which/that的定語從句。在這個定語從句中，還有一個that引導的同位語從句，修飾the belief。句子可以拆分為：
1. This way actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness.
2. A fun-filled, painfree life equals happiness.
3. People hold to this belief.
從句
1.First it will pass through sharp metal bars which will tear open the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed.
結構： 全句有3個謂語動詞：will pass，will tear和is。其中主句的是will pass。句子主干是it will pass through sharp metal bars。第一個which引導的定語從句修飾的是sharp metal bars。第二個which引導的定語從句修飾的是the plastic bags。這是大定語從句里面還有一個小定語從句。句子可以拆分為：
1. First it will pass through sharp metal bars.
2. The metal bars will tear open the plastic bags.
3. Rubbish is usually packed in the bags.
翻譯：首先，垃圾要通過尖的金屬棒，金屬棒會把裝垃圾的塑料袋弄破。
2.When we talk about someones personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.
結構：全句有4組謂語動詞：talk，mean，acts/speaks/thinks/feels和make。其中主句的是：mean。句首是When引導的時間狀語從句。之后which引導的定語從句和that引導的定語從句都是修飾the ways的。句子可以拆分為：
1. We talk about someones personality.
2. We mean the ways.
3. He or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels in these ways.
4. These make that individual different from others.
翻譯：當我們談到某個人的個性時，我們指的是他/她在行為，言談和思考以及感覺等方面的方式。這些方式使這個人區別于他人。
3.Competition is not only good in itself, it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity and hard work are protected.
結構：全句有3個謂語動詞：is, is和are protected。其中主句的是：is, is。全句由兩個有遞進關系的單句構成。其中，which引導的是定語從句，修飾the means。句子可被拆分為：
1. Competition is not only good in itself.
2. It is the means.
3. Other basic American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity and hard work are protected by these means.
翻譯：競爭不但本身就是好事，還是其他基本的美國價值觀如個人自由，機會平等和勤奮工作等得到保護的手段。
4. The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, painfree life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness.
結構： 全句有3個謂語動詞：hold，equals和reduce。其中主句的是reduces。句子主干為：The way actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness。The way 后面是省略了which/that的定語從句。在這個定語從句中，還有一個that引導的同位語從句，修飾the belief。句子可以拆分為：
1. This way actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness.
2. A fun-filled, painfree life equals happiness.
3. People hold to this belief.
