起書名是個技術活 盤點那些改名換姓的名作（下）
More goes in to settling on a title for a book than you might think. Even if you haven't read them, the names of these 10 classic tales are instantly recognizable. If the authors hadn't changed their minds, however, these novels may not have received the attention they deserved.
起書名是個技術活，要比你想象得復雜得多。即便你沒有讀過下面這十本經典小說，也一定能秒速認出書名。但要是這些小說的作者當初沒改變心意，這些書或許就沒有那么高的知名度了。
1. VALLEY OF THE DOLLS
《娃娃谷》
Would you have read a book called They Don't Build Statues to Businessmen? Me neither. It's a good thing Jacqueline Susann chose a snappier title.
你會想讀一本名叫《他們不為男商人塑像》(They Don't Build Statues to Businessmen)的書嗎?我也不想讀。還好杰奎琳•蘇珊(Jacqueline Susann)選了個更加活潑的名字。
2. LOLITA
《洛麗塔》
Thanks to Nabokov, the word "lolita" has entered common vernacular - but that wouldn't have happened had he named his book Kingdom By the Sea, as he wrote to a friend. The name was an homage to Edgar Allan Poe's poem "Annabel Lee," because in the novel, Humbert nicknamed his first teenage love after Poe's heroine. The poem goes, "It was many and many a year ago / In a kingdom by the sea, / That a maiden there lived whom you may know / By the name of Annabel Lee."
納博科夫(Nabokov)使lolita(洛麗塔)一詞進入了我們的日常用語。但要是像他在寫給朋友的信里說的那樣，以《海邊王國》(Kingdom By the Sea)為這本書命名的話，這一切就不會發生了。《海邊王國》這個名字是向埃德加•愛倫•坡(Edgar Allan Poe)的《安娜貝爾•李》(Annabel Lee)的致敬，因為在小說中，漢伯特(Humbert)用愛倫•坡這篇詩作的女主人公的名字稱呼他青少年時期的初戀。愛倫•坡的詩中寫道：“在很多很多年以前/在一個海邊的王國/居住著一位少女，你也許知道她/她的名字叫安娜貝爾•李。
3. HARRY POTTER AND THE GOBLET OF FIRE
《哈利波特與火焰杯》
J.K. Rowling says that her working title for the fourth Harry Potter book, Harry Potter and the Doomspell Tournament, leaked before the book was ready. She also kicked around Harry Potter and the Triwizard Tournament, but decided on Goblet of Fire because, she said, "it's got that kind of 'cup of destiny' feel about it."
J•K•羅琳(J.K. Rowling)說《哈利•波特》系列第四部未定稿之前，暫定名《哈利•波特與宿命魔咒錦標賽》( Harry Potter and the Doomspell Tournament)就泄露了。她還考慮過《哈利•波特與三強爭霸賽》(Harry Potter and the Triwizard Tournament)，但最終選擇了“火焰杯。羅琳表示，這是因為“火焰杯有一種‘命運之杯’的意味在里面。
4. GOODNIGHT MOON
《晚安月亮》
It's a subtle difference, but Margaret Wise's classic board book was originally called Goodnight Room. Goodnight Moon feels much more like a child getting ready to drift off into dreamland, doesn't it?
瑪格麗特•懷斯(Margaret Wise)的經典紙板童書《晚安月亮》最初叫做《晚安房間》(Goodnight Room)，兩版書名只差一個詞。不過《晚安月亮》更有種孩子正昏昏欲睡進入夢鄉的感覺，不是嗎?
5. JAMES AND THE GIANT PEACH
《詹姆斯與大仙桃》
Had Roald Dahl stuck with his original plan, the tome would have been titled James and the Giant Cherry instead. A peach is "prettier, bigger and squishier," Dahl decided.
要是羅爾德•達爾(Roald Dahl)堅持最初的想法，那這本大部頭就會被命名為《詹姆斯和大櫻桃》(James and the Giant Cherry)了。桃子最終勝出是因為達爾覺得桃子“更好看、更大也更多汁。
6. THE VERY HUNGRY CATERPILLAR
《好餓的毛毛蟲》
Believing that a caterpillar was more appealing than a worm, Eric Carle's editor, Ann Benaduce, suggested that he make a slight change to the book. It worked out well - Carle didn't have a clear ending in mind for A Week With Willie Worm, and switching allowed the story to arrive at the natural conclusion of his titular caterpillar transforming into a butterfly.
埃里克•卡爾(Eric Carle)的編輯安•伯南基(Ann Benaduce)覺得毛毛蟲要比蠕蟲更有吸引力，于是建議卡爾對書做些小變動。結果出乎意料的好，卡爾原本并沒有想好《和蠕蟲威利的一周》(A Week With Willie Worm)這本書該如何結尾，但將書名里的蠕蟲換成毛毛蟲后，就自然而然以毛毛蟲變成蝴蝶結尾。
7. THE FOUNTAINHEAD
《源泉》
The first title of this novel by Ayn Rand was Second-Hand Lives, which explains her words on the dedication page of the manuscript: "To Frank O'Connor, who is less guilty of secondhandedness than anyone I have ever met."
安•蘭德(Ayn Rand)這本小說的第一個名字是《二手生活》(Second-Hand Lives)，這正呼應了她寫在手稿獻辭頁的話，“獻給弗蘭克•奧康納(Frank O'Connor)，我所見過的人中最不二手的那一位。
8. LORD OF THE FLIES
《蠅王》
William Golding's disturbing dystopian tale about murderous children stranded on an island was first titled Strangers From Within. That may have had something to do with why it was rejected six times.
威廉•戈爾丁(William Golding)所著的這部反烏托邦小說講述了困在荒島上的孩子相互殘殺的駭人故事，這個故事最初被命名為《內心深處的陌生人》(Strangers From Within)。這或許是這個故事被拒絕了六次的部分原因。
9. OF MICE AND MEN
《人鼠之間》
Steinbeck's original title, Something That Happened, was supposed to show that, for better or worse, sometimes things happen, and that's just how life is.
斯坦貝克(Steinbeck)的這本書最初叫做《那些往事》(Something That Happened)，這個書名是想傳達這樣一個意思，有時不管怎樣，事情就是會發生，這就是生活。
10. THE HEART IS A LONELY HUNTER
《心是孤獨的獵手》
Carson McCullers got straight to the point with the working title of her debut novel, simply calling it The Mute. She changed it at the suggestion of Houghton Mifflin’s sales manager.
卡森•麥卡勒斯(Carson McCullers)當年給她的處女作起的暫定名為《啞巴》(The Mute)，這個書名直指主題。在霍頓•米夫林出版公司(Houghton Mifflin)銷售經理的建議下才改掉了。
Vocabulary
snappy：詼諧活潑的，爽朗明快的
vernacular：本地話，方言
tome：大部頭的書
squishy：濕潤的
titular：標題的，書名的
dystopian：反烏托邦
murderous：蓄意謀殺的，殺人的
More goes in to settling on a title for a book than you might think. Even if you haven't read them, the names of these 10 classic tales are instantly recognizable. If the authors hadn't changed their minds, however, these novels may not have received the attention they deserved.
起書名是個技術活，要比你想象得復雜得多。即便你沒有讀過下面這十本經典小說，也一定能秒速認出書名。但要是這些小說的作者當初沒改變心意，這些書或許就沒有那么高的知名度了。
1. VALLEY OF THE DOLLS
《娃娃谷》
Would you have read a book called They Don't Build Statues to Businessmen? Me neither. It's a good thing Jacqueline Susann chose a snappier title.
你會想讀一本名叫《他們不為男商人塑像》(They Don't Build Statues to Businessmen)的書嗎?我也不想讀。還好杰奎琳•蘇珊(Jacqueline Susann)選了個更加活潑的名字。
2. LOLITA
《洛麗塔》
Thanks to Nabokov, the word "lolita" has entered common vernacular - but that wouldn't have happened had he named his book Kingdom By the Sea, as he wrote to a friend. The name was an homage to Edgar Allan Poe's poem "Annabel Lee," because in the novel, Humbert nicknamed his first teenage love after Poe's heroine. The poem goes, "It was many and many a year ago / In a kingdom by the sea, / That a maiden there lived whom you may know / By the name of Annabel Lee."
納博科夫(Nabokov)使lolita(洛麗塔)一詞進入了我們的日常用語。但要是像他在寫給朋友的信里說的那樣，以《海邊王國》(Kingdom By the Sea)為這本書命名的話，這一切就不會發生了。《海邊王國》這個名字是向埃德加•愛倫•坡(Edgar Allan Poe)的《安娜貝爾•李》(Annabel Lee)的致敬，因為在小說中，漢伯特(Humbert)用愛倫•坡這篇詩作的女主人公的名字稱呼他青少年時期的初戀。愛倫•坡的詩中寫道：“在很多很多年以前/在一個海邊的王國/居住著一位少女，你也許知道她/她的名字叫安娜貝爾•李。
3. HARRY POTTER AND THE GOBLET OF FIRE
《哈利波特與火焰杯》
J.K. Rowling says that her working title for the fourth Harry Potter book, Harry Potter and the Doomspell Tournament, leaked before the book was ready. She also kicked around Harry Potter and the Triwizard Tournament, but decided on Goblet of Fire because, she said, "it's got that kind of 'cup of destiny' feel about it."
J•K•羅琳(J.K. Rowling)說《哈利•波特》系列第四部未定稿之前，暫定名《哈利•波特與宿命魔咒錦標賽》( Harry Potter and the Doomspell Tournament)就泄露了。她還考慮過《哈利•波特與三強爭霸賽》(Harry Potter and the Triwizard Tournament)，但最終選擇了“火焰杯。羅琳表示，這是因為“火焰杯有一種‘命運之杯’的意味在里面。
4. GOODNIGHT MOON
《晚安月亮》
It's a subtle difference, but Margaret Wise's classic board book was originally called Goodnight Room. Goodnight Moon feels much more like a child getting ready to drift off into dreamland, doesn't it?
瑪格麗特•懷斯(Margaret Wise)的經典紙板童書《晚安月亮》最初叫做《晚安房間》(Goodnight Room)，兩版書名只差一個詞。不過《晚安月亮》更有種孩子正昏昏欲睡進入夢鄉的感覺，不是嗎?
5. JAMES AND THE GIANT PEACH
《詹姆斯與大仙桃》
Had Roald Dahl stuck with his original plan, the tome would have been titled James and the Giant Cherry instead. A peach is "prettier, bigger and squishier," Dahl decided.
要是羅爾德•達爾(Roald Dahl)堅持最初的想法，那這本大部頭就會被命名為《詹姆斯和大櫻桃》(James and the Giant Cherry)了。桃子最終勝出是因為達爾覺得桃子“更好看、更大也更多汁。
6. THE VERY HUNGRY CATERPILLAR
《好餓的毛毛蟲》
Believing that a caterpillar was more appealing than a worm, Eric Carle's editor, Ann Benaduce, suggested that he make a slight change to the book. It worked out well - Carle didn't have a clear ending in mind for A Week With Willie Worm, and switching allowed the story to arrive at the natural conclusion of his titular caterpillar transforming into a butterfly.
埃里克•卡爾(Eric Carle)的編輯安•伯南基(Ann Benaduce)覺得毛毛蟲要比蠕蟲更有吸引力，于是建議卡爾對書做些小變動。結果出乎意料的好，卡爾原本并沒有想好《和蠕蟲威利的一周》(A Week With Willie Worm)這本書該如何結尾，但將書名里的蠕蟲換成毛毛蟲后，就自然而然以毛毛蟲變成蝴蝶結尾。
7. THE FOUNTAINHEAD
《源泉》
The first title of this novel by Ayn Rand was Second-Hand Lives, which explains her words on the dedication page of the manuscript: "To Frank O'Connor, who is less guilty of secondhandedness than anyone I have ever met."
安•蘭德(Ayn Rand)這本小說的第一個名字是《二手生活》(Second-Hand Lives)，這正呼應了她寫在手稿獻辭頁的話，“獻給弗蘭克•奧康納(Frank O'Connor)，我所見過的人中最不二手的那一位。
8. LORD OF THE FLIES
《蠅王》
William Golding's disturbing dystopian tale about murderous children stranded on an island was first titled Strangers From Within. That may have had something to do with why it was rejected six times.
威廉•戈爾丁(William Golding)所著的這部反烏托邦小說講述了困在荒島上的孩子相互殘殺的駭人故事，這個故事最初被命名為《內心深處的陌生人》(Strangers From Within)。這或許是這個故事被拒絕了六次的部分原因。
9. OF MICE AND MEN
《人鼠之間》
Steinbeck's original title, Something That Happened, was supposed to show that, for better or worse, sometimes things happen, and that's just how life is.
斯坦貝克(Steinbeck)的這本書最初叫做《那些往事》(Something That Happened)，這個書名是想傳達這樣一個意思，有時不管怎樣，事情就是會發生，這就是生活。
10. THE HEART IS A LONELY HUNTER
《心是孤獨的獵手》
Carson McCullers got straight to the point with the working title of her debut novel, simply calling it The Mute. She changed it at the suggestion of Houghton Mifflin’s sales manager.
卡森•麥卡勒斯(Carson McCullers)當年給她的處女作起的暫定名為《啞巴》(The Mute)，這個書名直指主題。在霍頓•米夫林出版公司(Houghton Mifflin)銷售經理的建議下才改掉了。
Vocabulary
snappy：詼諧活潑的，爽朗明快的
vernacular：本地話，方言
tome：大部頭的書
squishy：濕潤的
titular：標題的，書名的
dystopian：反烏托邦
murderous：蓄意謀殺的，殺人的
