2024屆高考英語(江蘇專用)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義:Book 7 Unit 2(牛津譯林版)
話題詞匯
1.creative adj.富有創(chuàng)造力的
2.determination n.決心
3.humorous adj.幽默的
4.independent adj.獨立的
5.profession n.職業(yè)
6.qualification n.資格;學(xué)歷
7.be honored as被譽為……
8.be active in積極從事于
9.be admitted into a key university考上重點大學(xué)
10.think highly/well of對……高度評價
經(jīng)典語篇
請根據(jù)下面人物簡介寫一篇短文:
姓名 屠呦呦 國籍 中國 職業(yè) 藥學(xué)家、科學(xué)家
主要經(jīng)歷 1.1930年12月30日生于浙江寧波;
2.1951年考入北京大學(xué),專攻/主修制藥專業(yè),于1955年畢業(yè);
3.畢業(yè)后接受中醫(yī)培訓(xùn)兩年半,并一直在中國中醫(yī)研究院工作;
4.1972年成功發(fā)現(xiàn)并制成一種治療瘧疾的藥物——青蒿素而獲得多種獎項;
5.2024年10月5日,她被授予諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎,成為中國第一個獲得諾貝爾獎的女性科學(xué)家。
總結(jié) 我們要向她學(xué)習(xí),投身科學(xué)研究。
注意:詞數(shù)150左右。
參考詞匯:中國中醫(yī)研究院/所China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine;瘧疾malaria
佳作欣賞
Tu Youyou,a famous female pharmacologist and scientist,was born in Ningbo,Zhejiang Province on December 30th,1930.① In 1951,she was admitted into Beijing University,majoring in making medicine and graduated in 1955.After graduation she was trained in traditional Chinese medicine for two years and a half② and she has been working in China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing.In 1972,she succeeded in discovering and developing artemisinin out of a Chinese herb to cure those patients of malaria in different places of the world,so that she won many big awards.③To our excitement and delight,she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on October 5th,2024,becoming the first Chinese woman who won the Nobel Prize④ .We are called on to learn from her and devote ourselves to scientific research.
思維發(fā)散
1.將第①句改為含有定語從句的復(fù)合句
Tu Youyou,who is a famous female pharmacologist and scientist,was born in Ningbo,Zhejiang Province on December 30th,1930.
2.將第②句改為含有時間狀語從句的復(fù)合句
After she graduated,she was trained in traditional Chinese medicine for two years and a half.
3.將第③句中的so that從句改為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句
In 1972,she succeeded in discovering and developing artemisinin out of a Chinese herb to cure those patients of malaria in different places of the world,for which she won many big awards.
4.將第④句中的定語從句改為短語作定語
becoming the first Chinese woman to win the Nobel Prize
Ⅰ.重點單詞
A.寫作單詞
1.vital (adj.)對……極重要的,必不可少的
2.potential (n.)可能性,潛在性;潛力,潛能;(adj.)潛在的;可能的
3.unable (adj.)不能,無法
4.beneficial (adj.)有益的,有用的
benefit (n.)利益,好處;(v.)有助于,受益
5.possess (vt.)擁有,具有
possession (n.)[C,常用復(fù)數(shù)]所有物;財產(chǎn);[U]具有,擁有
6.astonish (vt).使十分驚訝,使吃驚
astonishing (adj.)令人十分驚訝的
astonished (adj.)感到十分驚訝的
astonishment (n.)驚訝,驚異
7.application (n.)應(yīng)用,運用;申請,申請表;涂抹,外敷
apply (vi.)申請;適用;(vt.)應(yīng)用;涂,敷
applicant (n.)申請人
8.approval (n.)批準(zhǔn),通過;贊成,同意
approve (vt.)批準(zhǔn),同意;(vi.)贊成
9.effective (adj.)有效的;實際的,事實上的;生效的
effect (n.)效果,作用;影響
10.reasonable (adj.)合理的,有理由的;公道的;明智的
unreasonable (adj.)不合理的
reason (n.)理由;(v.)推理
11.arrangement (n.)排列,布置;安排;約定,協(xié)議
arrange (v.)安排,籌劃;整理,排列,布置
12.applaud (vi.& vt.)鼓掌;稱贊,贊許
applause (n.)鼓掌,喝彩
13.sharp (adj.)鋒利的;急劇的;靈敏的;尖銳的,嚴(yán)厲的
sharpen (vt.& vi.)(使)變鋒利;提高,改善
14.addicted (adj.)上癮;入迷
addict (n.)吸毒成癮的人,對……入迷的人;(vt.)使上癮,使沉迷
addiction (n.)癮,嗜好
addictive (adj.)使上癮的,使人入迷的
15.phenomenon (n.)現(xiàn)象
phenomena (pl.)
16.accelerate (vt.& vi.)(使)加速,加快
acceleration (n.)加速,加快
B.閱讀單詞
17.outcome (n.)結(jié)果,后果
18.complex (adj.)復(fù)雜的,難懂的;(n.)建筑群;相關(guān)聯(lián)的一組事物;情結(jié)
19.theory (n.)理論,學(xué)說
20.relate (vt.& vi.)聯(lián)系,把……聯(lián)系起來;敘述,講述
21.best-selling (adj.)暢銷的
22.surgeon (n.)外科醫(yī)師
23.dull (adj.)鈍的,不鋒利的;遲鈍的;枯燥的;灰暗的,昏暗的
24.revolution (n.)巨變,大變革;革命
25.counter (n.)柜臺;計數(shù)器;反駁;(vt.)反駁;抵制,抵消
26.chew (vt.& vi.)咀嚼,嚼碎;咬,啃
27.tablet (n.)藥片;丸;牌,匾,碑
28.symptom (n.)癥狀;征兆
29.sickness (n.)疾病;惡心,嘔吐
sick (adj.)生病的;惡心的,嘔吐的
30.bleed (vt.)流血,失血
blood (n.)血
31.chemist (n.)藥劑師,藥商;化學(xué)家
chemical (n.)化學(xué)物質(zhì);化學(xué)制品;(adj.)化學(xué)的
chemistry (n.)化學(xué)
32.circulate (vi.& vt.)循環(huán);傳播,散布;傳遞,傳閱
circulation (n.)循環(huán),流通
33.abnormal (adj.)不正常的,反常的
normal (n.& adj.)正常(的),一般(的)
34.subscribe (vi.)定期訂購或訂閱
subscriber (n.)訂閱者;訂購者;捐助者
subscription (n.)訂閱,訂購;捐助;簽字,簽署
Ⅱ.重點短語
1.try out測試,試驗;參加選拔
2.wear somebody out使筋疲力盡;使厭煩
3.let out放出,發(fā)出
4.subscribe to同意,贊成
5.mass production批量生產(chǎn)
6.be cautious about對……小心謹(jǐn)慎
7.manage to do sth.設(shè)法做成某件事
8.in...form/in the form of...以……形式
9.be addicted to對……上癮,癡迷
10.swell up腫脹,膨脹
Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式
1.Have you ever seen a doctor?If so,what happened?
你曾經(jīng)看過醫(yī)生嗎?如果看過的話,發(fā)生了什么事?
2.If you open any medicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world,it is likely that you will find aspirin and penicillin.
倘若你打開世界上任何一個藥柜,或者走到任何一個賣藥的柜臺,都有可能找到阿司匹林和青霉素。
3.Both of these medicines have saved millions of people’s lives and have proved beneficial to mankind since they were invented.
自這兩種藥被發(fā)明以來,它們已挽救了數(shù)百萬人的性命,并已證實對人類有益。
4.Will you need to change the information or will you use it as it is?
你需要改變信息還是按原樣使用?
1
possess vt.擁有,具有
[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)] 短語用法
?1?be possessed by/with被……控制
be possessed of擁有?某種品質(zhì)、能力等?
?2?possession n.[C]所有物;財產(chǎn);[U]擁有;具有
in possession of sth.占有?或擁有?某物
in the possession of sb.為某人所有
take possession of占有,擁有;占領(lǐng)
(1)He is possessed of health,wealth and good sense.
他身體好,有錢,又有見識。
(2)The result is that we throw away useful possessions to make room for new ones.
結(jié)果是,我們?nèi)拥粲杏玫臇|西,為新的物品騰出空間。(2024·安徽)
多維訓(xùn)練
(1)用possess的適當(dāng)形式填空
①I’m afraid he doesn’t possess a sense of humour.
②She was suddenly possessed by fear.
③He was caught in possession of stolen goods.
④The land is in the possession of the merchant.
(2)The invaders
the land of the locals.
A.in possession of
B.took possession of
C.in the possession of
D.took the possession of
答案 B
解析 take possession of占有,擁有,在句中作謂語。
(3)These comments came
specific questions often asked by local newsmen.(2024·浙江,17)
A.in memory of
B.in response to
C.in touch with
D.in possession of
答案 B
解析 考查介詞短語辨析。句意為:這些評論是對當(dāng)?shù)赜浾呓?jīng)常詢問的具體問題的回應(yīng)。in response to作為對……的回答,作為對……的反應(yīng),符合語境。in memory of為了紀(jì)念;in touch with與……有聯(lián)系;in possession of擁有,持有。
2
[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)] 寫作高頻詞匯
(1)be vital for/to sth.對……極為重要
(2)It is vital that...……是極重要的。從句謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣,即“should+動詞原形”,should可省略。像這樣用于該句型的詞還有:important,necessary,strange等。
(1)What’s worse,some drivers,cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules.
更糟糕的是,一些司機,騎自行車的人及行人認為遵守交通規(guī)則并不重要。(2024·江蘇)
(2)It is hard work and determination rather than outer conditions that play a vital role in shaping a great mind.
在塑造偉大的思想上起著關(guān)鍵性作用的是勤奮和決心而非外在的條件。
(3)His support is vital for our project.
他的支援對我們的計劃是極為重要的。
多維訓(xùn)練
(1)Interest is as vital to( 同等重要) learning as the ability to understand,even more so.
(2)It is vital that he
to the new environment as soon as possible.
A.adapt
B.adapts
C.must adapt
D.adopts
答案 A
解析 It is vital that...后面加虛擬語氣“should+動詞原形”,表示“……是至關(guān)重要的”should可以省略。
3
[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)] 寫作及完形填空高頻詞匯
have the potential to do sth.有做某事的潛力
the potential for ?doing? sth.……的可能性/潛力
achieve/realize one’s ?full? potential ?充分?發(fā)揮某人的潛力
(1)Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to develop to their greatest potential.
學(xué)校應(yīng)該是鼓勵個人發(fā)展他們的最大潛力的、充滿活力的地方。(2024·江蘇)
(2)Education develops potential abilities.
教育能開發(fā)人的潛能。
多維訓(xùn)練
(1)完成句子
①He has the potential to become(有成為……的潛能) a world-class musician.
②She believes that working in this way can help to achieve her full potential(有助于充分發(fā)揮她的潛力).
③You should believe that the students have great potential for learning English well(有學(xué)好英語的巨大潛能).
(2)People are
shoppers in China on November 11th,contributing to more than 35 billion online shopping sales.
A.potential
B.enthusiastic
C.intelligent
D.temporary
答案 B
解析 句意為:在中國,11月11日人們都是熱情的購物者,網(wǎng)上購物達到350億營業(yè)額。由句意可知營業(yè)額增加了,人們應(yīng)該是熱衷于購物,所以選B。
4
[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)] 寫作高頻詞匯
?1?relate...to/with...把……與……聯(lián)系起來
relate to相處,適應(yīng)
?2?in/with relation to關(guān)于;涉及,有關(guān)
?3?be related to=be relative to與……有關(guān)/聯(lián)系/血緣關(guān)系
be connected with/be linked to與……有關(guān)/聯(lián)系
(1)In fact,traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related to public order.
事實上,交通規(guī)則是與公共秩序相關(guān)聯(lián)的規(guī)則的一個部分。 (2024·江蘇)
(2)It relates artistic values to local conditions.
它把藝術(shù)價值和當(dāng)?shù)氐臓顩r聯(lián)系在一起了。(2024·重慶)
(3)Supply must be relative to demand.
供與求必須相適應(yīng)。
多維訓(xùn)練
(1)用relate的適當(dāng)形式填空
①You can have genes related to the immune system.
②Apparently relations between husband and wife have not improved.
(2)Experts believe that a large number of cancer cases in the area are directly
to the nuclear power station.
A.referred
B.devoted
C.contributed
D.related
答案 D
解析 be related to與……有關(guān),符合句意。refer to涉及,參考;devote...to專心于;contribute to有助于。
(3)There is no need for you to go on a diet;you are only slightly overweight
your height.
A.in case of
B.in relation to
C.in return for
D.in response to
答案 B
解析 in case of萬一;in relation to和……相關(guān);in return for作為回報;in response to回應(yīng)。根據(jù)題意可知選B項。
5
[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)] 短語用法
try sth.out on在……上試驗?zāi)澄?/p>
try out for參加……選拔?或試演?
try on試穿;試用
(1)Try out the new medicine for a year and we’ll see how well it works.
試驗一年這種新藥,我們就會知道它的效用有多大。
(2)She enjoyed trying her French out on Pierre.