2024屆高考英語一輪復習語法專練:2 非謂語動詞(牛津譯林版含解析)
語法專練二 非謂語動詞
一、單句填空
1.(2024天津,5) (absorb)in painting,John didnt notice evening approaching.?
2.(2024福建,28) (learn) more about Chinese culture,Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.?
3.(2024湖南,30)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile,she stood rooted to the ground, (wonder) whether to stay or leave.?
4.(2024湖南,34)Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students (talk)over what is bothering them.?
5.(2024重慶,11)Like ancient sailors,birds can find their way (use) the sun and the stars.?
6.(2024天津,7)Clearly and thoughtfully (write),the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.?
7.(2024重慶,11)Group activities will be organized after class (help)children develop team spirit.?
8.(2024湖南,27)There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, (stare)at the night sky.?
9.(2024湖南,35) (free)ourselves from the physical and mental tensions,we each need deep thought and inner quietness.?
10.(2024山東,6)Theres a note pinned to the door (say)when the shop will open again.?
11.(2024重慶,5)The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras (return)to our shop for quality problems.?
12.(2024山東,9)Its standard practice for a company like this one (employ)a security officer.?
13.(2024福建,30)For those with family members far away,the personal computer and the phone are important in staying (connect).?
14.(2024安徽,32)While waiting for the opportunity to get (promote),Henry did his best to perform his duty.?
15.(2024湖南,23) (understand)your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.?
16.(2024課標Ⅰ,35)The sunlight is white and blinding, (throw)hard-edged shadows on the ground.?
17.(2024山東,33) (eat)at the cafeteria before,Tina didnt want to eat there again.?
18.(2024福建,32)Anyone,once (test)positive for H7N9 flu virus,will receive free medical treatment from our government.?
19.(2024四川,10)The airport (complete)next year will help promote tourism in this area.?
20.(2024山東,25)The room is empty except for a bookshelf (stand)in one corner.?
二、語法填空
閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Reporter:How can parents who read to more than one child at a time keep everyone 1 (engage)??
Kathleen: 2 (read)together with family can be one of the best ways 3 (promote)family togetherness (和諧).Children should be encouraged 4 (ask)questions throughout the story and predict what might happen on the next page.This is also a great opportunity for elder children 5 (read)to younger children.?
Reporter:Outside of 6 (read)on the sofa and in bed,are there other places where family reading can take place??
Kathleen:Everywhere!Make it a habit 7 (bring)books everywhere you go.You can have books in the car and bring books to the grocery store.Also you can pack books for the morning subway or bus ride.?
Reporter:For families that speak and read in two languages,do you have any suggestions about 8 (choose)books??
Kathleen:I recommend 9 (go)to the library and checking out a story in two different languages.While 10 (read)each story,you can assist your child in recognizing familiar words in each language.?
1.2.3.4.5. ?
6.7.8.9.10. ?
三、短文改錯
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(劃掉。
修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。
Dear Headmaster,
I am writing to talk about the canteen of our school.There are only a few stand in the canteen,leading to lots of students have to line up for food.It is waste of time,isn?t it?But at times the food is not fresh and does not taste deliciously.So it?s not surprising that some students chose to go to the street to buy junk food which do harm to their health.Would you think about that how to improve it?I would appreciate you if you could take some measures.Hopefully,my opinion can be taken to account.
Jack
答案全解全析
一、單句填空
1. Absorbed 句意:由于在全神貫注地畫畫,約翰沒有察覺到夜幕降臨了。考查非謂語動詞作原因狀語。設空處動作與句子主語John之間為被動關系,再結合固定搭配be absorbed in可知答案為Absorbed。
2.To learn 句意:為了更多地了解中國文化,杰克已經(jīng)決定把中國民間音樂作為選修課程。主語Jack與learn為邏輯上的主動關系,且表示目的,故用不定式作目的狀語。
3.wondering 句意:當那個職員看到一張善良而又因愧疚地微笑而出現(xiàn)皺紋的臉時,她紋絲不動地站著,不知道是去還是留。主語she與wonder間為邏輯上的主動關系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語,故答案為wondering。
4. to talk 句意:有時候為了讓同學們詳細談談他們的煩惱我只會充當聽眾。本題考查不定式的復合結構(for...to do)作目的狀語。根據(jù)題干中的for fellow students可知設空處用不定式形式作目的狀語。
5.using 句意:和古代的水手一樣,鳥類能借助太陽和星星找到它們的路。考查非謂語動詞作方式狀語。主語birds與use間為邏輯上的主動關系且沒有一定的時間性,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。
6.written 句意:由于表達清楚,思想有深度,這本書激起了那些想尋求他們自己答案的學生的自信心。本題考查非謂語動詞作狀語。因為主語the book和write之間是邏輯上的被動關系且表示完成,所以用過去分詞作狀語。
7.to help 句意:為了幫助孩子們培養(yǎng)團隊精神,下課后將要組織小組活動。本題考查非謂語動詞作狀語。根據(jù)句意可知該空作目的狀語,所以要用動詞不定式,故填to help。
8.staring 句意:沒有比仰面躺在草地中央凝視著夜空更愜意的事情了。本題考查非謂語動詞作狀語。lying on my back in the middle of the grassland的邏輯主語與stare之間為邏輯上的主動關系,故答案為staring。
9.To free 句意:為了讓我們從身體和精神的緊張中放松下來,我們都需要深入的思考和內(nèi)心的平靜。本題考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)題干和句意可知空格處為目的狀語,應使用不定式,故答案為To free。
10.saying 句意:門上釘著一張便條,上面寫著這家店再次開張的時間。本題考查非謂語動詞作定語。note和say之間是邏輯上的主動關系,故用saying作后置定語。say(用文字、數(shù)字、圖畫)表達,說明(信息)。
11.returned 句意:生產(chǎn)商會定期來收回因質(zhì)量問題退回到我們店的照相機。本題考查非謂語動詞作定語。cameras和return之間是被動關系,所以設空處要用過去分詞。
12.to employ 句意:對于像這樣的一家公司來說,雇用一位保安是例行做法。本題考查非謂語動詞作主語。分析句子結構可知句首的It是形式主語,“to employ a security officer”為真正的主語,“for...to do sth.”為不定式的復合結構。
13.connected 句意:對于那些與家人相距遙遠的人來說,個人電腦和電話在保持聯(lián)系方面很重要。本題考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)stay可知空格處表示狀態(tài),設空處與省略的邏輯主語those with family members far away是邏輯上的被動關系,所以答案為connected。
14.promoted 句意:亨利在等待獲得升職機會的同時,在盡力做好自己的本職工作。考查非謂語動詞。promote和邏輯主語Henry是邏輯上的被動關系,故使用過去分詞。
15.Understanding 句意:對你自己的交流需求及交流風格加以理解和學會表達你的愛和情感一樣重要。本題考查非謂語動詞作主語。邏輯主語與understand之間為主動關系,設空處需用非謂語動詞的主動形式。
16.throwing 句意:陽光又亮又刺眼,把棱角分明的影子留在了地面上。主語the sunlight與throw之間為邏輯上的主動關系,并且由句意可判斷設空處作狀語,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。
17.Having eaten 句意:因為之前在這家自助餐廳吃過飯,所以Tina再也不想去那兒吃了。本題考查非謂語動詞作原因狀語。主語Tina與eat之間為邏輯上的主動關系,再根據(jù)語境可知空格處的動作應該發(fā)生在句子謂語didnt want to eat之前,故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。
18.tested 句意:任何人,一旦被檢測出感染H7N9流感病毒,都將得到我們政府的免費治療。本題考查非謂語動詞作狀語。test與邏輯主語anyone之間為被動關系。
19.to be completed 句意:明年即將竣工的機場將有助于促進這個地區(qū)的旅游業(yè)。動詞不定式的被動式to be done在此作后置定語,表示“將被……的”。設空處不表示完成也不表示正在進行,故不能填completed和being completed。
20.standing 句意:除了在一個角落里立著的一個書架外,這個房間空空如也。被修飾詞為a bookshelf,stand與bookshelf之間是邏輯上的主動關系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作定語。
二、語法填空
[語篇解讀] 本文是一名記者與Kathleen就家庭閱讀所展開的對話。
1.engaged 設空處在本句中作賓語補足語,且表示狀態(tài),故用engaged。
2.Reading 設空處在本句中作主語,且表示抽象概念(本句在介紹作者的觀點),故用動名詞形式作主語。不定式作主語時,表示具體的行為,不符合語境。
3.to promote the way后常用不定式作定語,故本題答案為to promote。
4.to ask 本空考查非謂語動詞。encourage sb.to do sth.為固定用法,其被動形式為sb.be encouraged to do sth.。
5.to read 根據(jù)設空處前的for elder children可推知此處為不定式的復合結構作opportunity的定語。
6.reading outside of為介詞短語,意為:除……之外。介詞of后需用動名詞作賓語,故答案為reading。
7.to bring 設空處前的it為形式賓語,此處用不定式作真正的賓語。
8.choosing 介詞后需用動名詞作賓語,故答案為choosing。
9.going recommend后需用動名詞作賓語,故答案為going。
10.reading While you are reading=While reading。
三、短文改錯
1.第二句:stand改為stands stand在這里作可數(shù)名詞,故應用復數(shù)形式。
2.第二句:have改為having lead sb.to do sth.相當于lead to sb.doing sth.表示“導致某人做某事”。
3.第三句:waste前加a a waste of sth.浪費……。
4.第四句:But改為And 前后兩句之間是遞進關系。
5.第四句:deliciously改為delicious taste是系動詞,后跟形容詞作表語。
6.第五句:chose改為choose 此處應用一般現(xiàn)在時。
7.第五句:do改為does which引導的定語從句修飾先行詞junk food,所以定語從句中謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。
8.第六句:去掉that think about后跟的是“疑問詞+不定式”how to結構,不要that引導。
9.第七句:第一個you改為it 固定結構I would appreciate it if...。
10.第八句:to改為into 固定搭配take sth.into account“把……考慮在內(nèi)”。
語法專練二 非謂語動詞
一、單句填空
1.(2024天津,5) (absorb)in painting,John didnt notice evening approaching.?
2.(2024福建,28) (learn) more about Chinese culture,Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.?
3.(2024湖南,30)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile,she stood rooted to the ground, (wonder) whether to stay or leave.?
4.(2024湖南,34)Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students (talk)over what is bothering them.?
5.(2024重慶,11)Like ancient sailors,birds can find their way (use) the sun and the stars.?
6.(2024天津,7)Clearly and thoughtfully (write),the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.?
7.(2024重慶,11)Group activities will be organized after class (help)children develop team spirit.?
8.(2024湖南,27)There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, (stare)at the night sky.?
9.(2024湖南,35) (free)ourselves from the physical and mental tensions,we each need deep thought and inner quietness.?
10.(2024山東,6)Theres a note pinned to the door (say)when the shop will open again.?
11.(2024重慶,5)The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras (return)to our shop for quality problems.?
12.(2024山東,9)Its standard practice for a company like this one (employ)a security officer.?
13.(2024福建,30)For those with family members far away,the personal computer and the phone are important in staying (connect).?
14.(2024安徽,32)While waiting for the opportunity to get (promote),Henry did his best to perform his duty.?
15.(2024湖南,23) (understand)your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.?
16.(2024課標Ⅰ,35)The sunlight is white and blinding, (throw)hard-edged shadows on the ground.?
17.(2024山東,33) (eat)at the cafeteria before,Tina didnt want to eat there again.?
18.(2024福建,32)Anyone,once (test)positive for H7N9 flu virus,will receive free medical treatment from our government.?
19.(2024四川,10)The airport (complete)next year will help promote tourism in this area.?
20.(2024山東,25)The room is empty except for a bookshelf (stand)in one corner.?
二、語法填空
閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Reporter:How can parents who read to more than one child at a time keep everyone 1 (engage)??
Kathleen: 2 (read)together with family can be one of the best ways 3 (promote)family togetherness (和諧).Children should be encouraged 4 (ask)questions throughout the story and predict what might happen on the next page.This is also a great opportunity for elder children 5 (read)to younger children.?
Reporter:Outside of 6 (read)on the sofa and in bed,are there other places where family reading can take place??
Kathleen:Everywhere!Make it a habit 7 (bring)books everywhere you go.You can have books in the car and bring books to the grocery store.Also you can pack books for the morning subway or bus ride.?
Reporter:For families that speak and read in two languages,do you have any suggestions about 8 (choose)books??
Kathleen:I recommend 9 (go)to the library and checking out a story in two different languages.While 10 (read)each story,you can assist your child in recognizing familiar words in each language.?
1.2.3.4.5. ?
6.7.8.9.10. ?
三、短文改錯
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(劃掉。
修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。
Dear Headmaster,
I am writing to talk about the canteen of our school.There are only a few stand in the canteen,leading to lots of students have to line up for food.It is waste of time,isn?t it?But at times the food is not fresh and does not taste deliciously.So it?s not surprising that some students chose to go to the street to buy junk food which do harm to their health.Would you think about that how to improve it?I would appreciate you if you could take some measures.Hopefully,my opinion can be taken to account.
Jack
答案全解全析
一、單句填空
1. Absorbed 句意:由于在全神貫注地畫畫,約翰沒有察覺到夜幕降臨了。考查非謂語動詞作原因狀語。設空處動作與句子主語John之間為被動關系,再結合固定搭配be absorbed in可知答案為Absorbed。
2.To learn 句意:為了更多地了解中國文化,杰克已經(jīng)決定把中國民間音樂作為選修課程。主語Jack與learn為邏輯上的主動關系,且表示目的,故用不定式作目的狀語。
3.wondering 句意:當那個職員看到一張善良而又因愧疚地微笑而出現(xiàn)皺紋的臉時,她紋絲不動地站著,不知道是去還是留。主語she與wonder間為邏輯上的主動關系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語,故答案為wondering。
4. to talk 句意:有時候為了讓同學們詳細談談他們的煩惱我只會充當聽眾。本題考查不定式的復合結構(for...to do)作目的狀語。根據(jù)題干中的for fellow students可知設空處用不定式形式作目的狀語。
5.using 句意:和古代的水手一樣,鳥類能借助太陽和星星找到它們的路。考查非謂語動詞作方式狀語。主語birds與use間為邏輯上的主動關系且沒有一定的時間性,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。
6.written 句意:由于表達清楚,思想有深度,這本書激起了那些想尋求他們自己答案的學生的自信心。本題考查非謂語動詞作狀語。因為主語the book和write之間是邏輯上的被動關系且表示完成,所以用過去分詞作狀語。
7.to help 句意:為了幫助孩子們培養(yǎng)團隊精神,下課后將要組織小組活動。本題考查非謂語動詞作狀語。根據(jù)句意可知該空作目的狀語,所以要用動詞不定式,故填to help。
8.staring 句意:沒有比仰面躺在草地中央凝視著夜空更愜意的事情了。本題考查非謂語動詞作狀語。lying on my back in the middle of the grassland的邏輯主語與stare之間為邏輯上的主動關系,故答案為staring。
9.To free 句意:為了讓我們從身體和精神的緊張中放松下來,我們都需要深入的思考和內(nèi)心的平靜。本題考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)題干和句意可知空格處為目的狀語,應使用不定式,故答案為To free。
10.saying 句意:門上釘著一張便條,上面寫著這家店再次開張的時間。本題考查非謂語動詞作定語。note和say之間是邏輯上的主動關系,故用saying作后置定語。say(用文字、數(shù)字、圖畫)表達,說明(信息)。
11.returned 句意:生產(chǎn)商會定期來收回因質(zhì)量問題退回到我們店的照相機。本題考查非謂語動詞作定語。cameras和return之間是被動關系,所以設空處要用過去分詞。
12.to employ 句意:對于像這樣的一家公司來說,雇用一位保安是例行做法。本題考查非謂語動詞作主語。分析句子結構可知句首的It是形式主語,“to employ a security officer”為真正的主語,“for...to do sth.”為不定式的復合結構。
13.connected 句意:對于那些與家人相距遙遠的人來說,個人電腦和電話在保持聯(lián)系方面很重要。本題考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)stay可知空格處表示狀態(tài),設空處與省略的邏輯主語those with family members far away是邏輯上的被動關系,所以答案為connected。
14.promoted 句意:亨利在等待獲得升職機會的同時,在盡力做好自己的本職工作。考查非謂語動詞。promote和邏輯主語Henry是邏輯上的被動關系,故使用過去分詞。
15.Understanding 句意:對你自己的交流需求及交流風格加以理解和學會表達你的愛和情感一樣重要。本題考查非謂語動詞作主語。邏輯主語與understand之間為主動關系,設空處需用非謂語動詞的主動形式。
16.throwing 句意:陽光又亮又刺眼,把棱角分明的影子留在了地面上。主語the sunlight與throw之間為邏輯上的主動關系,并且由句意可判斷設空處作狀語,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。
17.Having eaten 句意:因為之前在這家自助餐廳吃過飯,所以Tina再也不想去那兒吃了。本題考查非謂語動詞作原因狀語。主語Tina與eat之間為邏輯上的主動關系,再根據(jù)語境可知空格處的動作應該發(fā)生在句子謂語didnt want to eat之前,故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。
18.tested 句意:任何人,一旦被檢測出感染H7N9流感病毒,都將得到我們政府的免費治療。本題考查非謂語動詞作狀語。test與邏輯主語anyone之間為被動關系。
19.to be completed 句意:明年即將竣工的機場將有助于促進這個地區(qū)的旅游業(yè)。動詞不定式的被動式to be done在此作后置定語,表示“將被……的”。設空處不表示完成也不表示正在進行,故不能填completed和being completed。
20.standing 句意:除了在一個角落里立著的一個書架外,這個房間空空如也。被修飾詞為a bookshelf,stand與bookshelf之間是邏輯上的主動關系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作定語。
二、語法填空
[語篇解讀] 本文是一名記者與Kathleen就家庭閱讀所展開的對話。
1.engaged 設空處在本句中作賓語補足語,且表示狀態(tài),故用engaged。
2.Reading 設空處在本句中作主語,且表示抽象概念(本句在介紹作者的觀點),故用動名詞形式作主語。不定式作主語時,表示具體的行為,不符合語境。
3.to promote the way后常用不定式作定語,故本題答案為to promote。
4.to ask 本空考查非謂語動詞。encourage sb.to do sth.為固定用法,其被動形式為sb.be encouraged to do sth.。
5.to read 根據(jù)設空處前的for elder children可推知此處為不定式的復合結構作opportunity的定語。
6.reading outside of為介詞短語,意為:除……之外。介詞of后需用動名詞作賓語,故答案為reading。
7.to bring 設空處前的it為形式賓語,此處用不定式作真正的賓語。
8.choosing 介詞后需用動名詞作賓語,故答案為choosing。
9.going recommend后需用動名詞作賓語,故答案為going。
10.reading While you are reading=While reading。
三、短文改錯
1.第二句:stand改為stands stand在這里作可數(shù)名詞,故應用復數(shù)形式。
2.第二句:have改為having lead sb.to do sth.相當于lead to sb.doing sth.表示“導致某人做某事”。
3.第三句:waste前加a a waste of sth.浪費……。
4.第四句:But改為And 前后兩句之間是遞進關系。
5.第四句:deliciously改為delicious taste是系動詞,后跟形容詞作表語。
6.第五句:chose改為choose 此處應用一般現(xiàn)在時。
7.第五句:do改為does which引導的定語從句修飾先行詞junk food,所以定語從句中謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。
8.第六句:去掉that think about后跟的是“疑問詞+不定式”how to結構,不要that引導。
9.第七句:第一個you改為it 固定結構I would appreciate it if...。
10.第八句:to改為into 固定搭配take sth.into account“把……考慮在內(nèi)”。