專題二代詞和介詞

　　2024～2024年各省市高考題(改編)代　詞

　　A卷　全國卷

　　單句語法填空/單句改錯

　　1．(2024·全國，68)On my recent visit, I held a lively three－month－old twin that had been rejected by ________(it) mother.

　　答案　its　[根據(jù)空格后的名詞及前文中的a lively three－month－old twin可知要用形容詞性物主代詞。]

　　2．(2024·全國，短文改錯)If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books.________

　　答案　your→our　[考查形容詞性物主代詞的用法。根據(jù)前面的主語we可知，此處要用our，表示“我們能夠開闊我們的視野”。]

　　3．(2024·全國，短文改錯)It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.________

　　答案　many→much　cost much花費很多。此處也可理解為much money的省略。]

　　4．(2024·全國，短文改錯)At first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.________

　　答案　yourself →myself　[根據(jù)句意，此處指“我自己”。]

　　5．(2024·全國，閱讀D)No news is good news, and good news is no news.________are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.

　　答案　Those/These　[

　　6．(2024·全國，短文改錯)We must find ways to protect your environment.________

　　答案　your→our　[句意：我們必須找到方法來保護(hù)我們的環(huán)境。代詞用法錯誤。這里應(yīng)當(dāng)是保護(hù)我

　　7．(2024·全國，短文改錯)Five minutes later，Tony saw parents.________

　　答案　saw后加his　[此處缺少代詞所屬格作定語。]

　　8．(2024·全國大綱，25)—Whos that at the door?

　　—________is the milkman.

　　答案　It　[本題考查代詞。當(dāng)對方不知是男是女時，用it。]

　　9．(2024·全國大綱，28)I think Mrs.Stark could be________between 50 and 60 years of age.

　　答案　anywhere　[本題考查不定代詞，該句是對Mrs.Stark可能所處的年齡段進(jìn)行推測，故選用anywhere。]

　　10．(2024·全國大綱，短文改錯)Otherwise, it is impossible for him to help each other and to make their friendship last long.________

　　答案　him→them　[此句考查代詞，根據(jù)語境，彼此幫助應(yīng)該是復(fù)數(shù)形式。]

　　11．(2024·全國，69)A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! Its________(I)”．

　　答案　me/mine　[本題考查代詞，根據(jù)上文主語it如果指的是人，用me，如果指的是箱子，則用名詞性所屬格mine。]

　　12．(2024·全國大綱，34)Its an either－or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do________．

　　答案　both　[根據(jù)句意：這是個只能選其一的情況，不可能兩者同時做，前面有否定形式cant，故此處用both。]

　　13．(2024·全國，短文改錯)He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town.________

　　答案　himself→him　[此處代詞不是做自身動作的承受者，不必用反身代詞。 ]

　　14．(2024·全國，31Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but________of them wants to, because they have work to do.

　　答案　neither　[根據(jù)句意“兩者都不愿意去”，選neither。]

　　15．(2024·全國，短文改錯)When things did wrong, I got angry and broke it.________

　　答案　it→them　[因為上文中things是復(fù)數(shù)，前后一致。]

　　B卷　地方卷用適當(dāng)?shù)牟欢ù~填空

　　1．(2024·北京，閱讀A)For the first time, I feel good about ________ (me) because Im doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good.

　　答案　myself　[根據(jù)句意：第一次，我因為自己做事情而自我感覺良好，而不是因為別人告訴我做得好。]

　　2．(2024·四川，七選五)Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries.However, women, on average, live longer.In general, ________can expect to live six or seven years more than men.

　　答案　they　[根據(jù)句意：女人平均比男人活得年齡長，總體來說，她們有望比男人they代替前文的women。]

　　3．(2024·四川，短文改錯)When my father came back, I found a bunch of flowers in her hand.________

　　答案　her→his　[從句主語是my father, 因此物主代詞形式用his。]

　　4．(2024·浙江，3)In many ways , the education system in the US is not very different from________in the UK.

　　答案　that　[考查代詞。句意：在許多方面，美國的教育制度與英國的不是非常的不同。代詞 that 指代前文中出現(xiàn)的the education system。]

　　5．(2024·浙江，12)How would you like ________ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?

　　答案　it　[句意：如果你正在看最喜愛的電視節(jié)目，這時有人進(jìn)來沒有how would you like it if...，在此結(jié)構(gòu)中it代替后面if句的內(nèi)容。]

　　6．(2024·重慶，2)The meeting will be held in September, but ________ knows the date for sure.

　　答案　nobody　[句意：會議將在九月召開but，表轉(zhuǎn)折，故nobody (沒有人)符合句意。]

　　7．(2024·陜西，13)To warm himself，the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the ________．

　　答案　other　[句意：為了讓自己暖和起來，這個水one...the other...。]

　　8．(2024·四川，10)Niki is always full of ideas，but________is useful to my knowledge.

　　答案　none　[句意：Niki總是有很多想法，但是沒有一個想法對我的知識有用none，可指人也可指物。]

　　9．(2024·天津，2)The quality of education in this small school is better than ________ in some larger schools.

　　答案　that　[句意：這所規(guī)模較小的學(xué)校的教育質(zhì)量比一些規(guī)模較大的學(xué)校的教育質(zhì)量好得多。表示比較時quality of education要用that，為了避免重復(fù)，that可以代替前面提到的不可數(shù)名詞。]

　　10．(2024·福建，21)The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but ________ contained any useful suggestions.

　　答案　neither　[句意：這個研究組發(fā)布了以調(diào)查為基礎(chǔ)的兩個報道，但是都沒有有用的建議。考查代詞。根據(jù)句意，兩者都不用neither。]

　　11．(2024·安徽，24)You can ask anyone for help.________ here is willing to lend you a hand.

　　答案　Everyone　[考查不定代詞。句意：anyone，可知填everyone。]

　　12．(2024·江西，32)—When shall I call，in the morning or afternoon?

　　—________．Ill be in all day.

　　答案　Either　[根據(jù)“in the morning or afternoon”“我全天都在家里。”可知答案應(yīng)填Either。]

　　13．(2024·四川，1)Shed lived in London and Manchester，but she liked ________ and moved to Cambridge.

　　答案　neither　[題干的意思是“她在倫敦和曼徹斯特都住過，可是這兩座城市她都不喜歡，就搬到劍橋去了。neither(兩者都不)。]

　　14．(2024·重慶，1)A smile costs ________，but gives much.

　　答案　nothing　[考查不定代詞用法。句意：微笑雖然不用花費什么，但意義卻是巨大的。]

　　15．(2024·山東，4)Susan made________ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.

　　答案　it　[句意：蘇珊向我清楚地表達(dá)了她希望過自己的新生活。此處用it作形式賓語，that從句作真正的賓語。]

　　16．(2024·陜西，21)Id appreciate ________ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.

　　答案　it　[句意：如果你能提前告訴我你來不來，我將非常感激。Id appreciate it if you could...為固定句型，it代指if引導(dǎo)的從句。]

　　17．(2024·遼寧，29)To her joy，Della earned first the trust of her students and then ________ of her colleagues.

　　答案　that　[句意：Della先贏得了學(xué)生的信任，然后贏得了同事的信任。此處用于替代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞trust，故用that。如果代替可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞用those或the ones。]

　　18．(2024·山東，21)Ive lived in New York and Chicago，but dont like ________ of them very much.

　　答案　either　[句意：我在紐約和芝加哥都居住過，但這兩個地方我都不喜歡。短語not...either＝neither(兩者都不)。]

　　19．(2024·天津，12)At our factory there are a few machines similar to ________ described in this magazine.

　　答案　those　[句意：在我們工廠有一些與這份雜志中描述相似的機器。those替代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。]

　　20．(2024·四川，2)The traffic on the main street has a longer green signal than ________ on the small ones.

　　答案　that　[通常可以用that替代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。此處the traffic為不可數(shù)名詞，故用that來替代。]

　　介　詞

　　A卷　全國卷

　　單句語法填空/單句改錯

　　1．(2024·全國，64) My connection with pandas goes back ________ my days on a TV show in the mid－1980s.

　　答案　to　[go back to為固定短語，意思是“回到，追溯到”。]

　　2．(2024·全國，短文改錯)My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.________

　　答案　在dreams之后加上of或about　[固定短語dream of/about (doing) sth的意思是“夢想做某事”。]

　　3．(2024·全國，44)Most of us are more focused________our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.

　　答案　on　[考查介詞的用法。很多人早晨的注意力要比晚些時候的注意力更集中。固定短語be focused on專心于，集中于。]

　　4．(2024·全國，閱讀A)Are you interested ________ becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)?

　　答案　in　[be interested in...對……感興趣，固定搭配。]

　　5．(2024·全國，閱讀B)Five years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test ________ the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.

　　答案　at　[at the beginning of...在……開始。]

　　6．(2024·全國，50)Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India, for example, most people traditionally eat________their hands.

　　答案　with　[考查介詞。固定短語：with ones hands 用某人的手。]

　　7．(2024·全國，短文改錯)Now I am leaving home to college.At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever I need help.________

　　答案　to→ for　[ 固定搭配 leave...for 離開……去……。]

　　8．(2024·全國，66)For those who fly to Guilin, its only an hour away________car and offers all the scenery of the better－known city.

　　答案　by　[句意：乘汽車只需要1個小時。by car乘汽車。]

　　9．(2024·全國，短文改錯)Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.________

　　答案　on→with　[句意：隨著工業(yè)化的發(fā)展。短語搭配錯誤。短語with the development of隨著……的發(fā)展。]

　　10．(2024·全國，67)________the same time, they warm up again for the night.

　　答案　At　[固定搭配at the same time。]

　　11．(2024·全國，短文改錯)Tony saw a toy on a shop window.________

　　答案　on→in　[介詞搭配，在櫥窗里用in。

　　12．(2024·全國大綱，29)September 30 is the day ________ which you must pay your bill.

　　答案　by　[本題考查介詞搭配。根據(jù)句意，九月三十號是付賬單的最后期限，應(yīng)為“到……為止”之意，故用by。]

　　13．(2024·全國大The more friends we have, the more we can learn for one another.________

　　答案　for→from　[本題考查固定搭配。learn...from“從……處學(xué)得”之意。]

　　14．(2024·全國，短文改錯)Nearly five years ago，and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.________

　　答案　by→of　[本題表示所屬關(guān)系，用of。]

　　15．(2024·全國，64)When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board.I got a place next ________ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk.

　　答案　to　[考查介詞搭配，next to“靠近”之意。]

　　16．(2024·全國，短文改錯)Therefore, we have more time with after－school activities.________

　　答案　with→for　[介詞錯誤。]

　　17．(2024·全國大綱，31)A serious study of physics is impossible ________ some knowledge of mathematics.

　　答案　without　[ 根據(jù)句意：沒有數(shù)學(xué)知識，嚴(yán)肅的物理研究是不可能的。可知此處用without。]

　　18．(2024·全國，短文改錯)He was tall, with broad shoulders and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years.________

　　答案　towards→to　[此處是介詞錯誤，from...to...是固定搭配。]

　　19．(2024·全國，短文改錯)Interestingly, it had a connection by the British porcelain(瓷器) industry.________

　　答案　by→with/to　[與前文的connection構(gòu)成固定搭配。]

　　20．(2024·全國，短文改錯)“Thats it.No more toys to you.”________

　　答案　to→for　[對某人而言，用for。]

　　B卷　地方卷用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或介詞短語填空

　　1．(2024·北京，閱A)In high school, I became curious ________ the computer, and built my first website.

　　答案　about　[考查固定搭配be curious about...對……好奇。]

　　2．(2024·四川，閱讀B)Find an issue you are interested in and learn more.Volunteer or, if you can, contribute a little money ________a cause.

　　答案　to　[考查固定搭配contribute...to...向……捐獻(xiàn)。]

　　3．(2024·四川，67)The mother continued to care for the young panda________more than two years.

　　答案　for　[媽媽繼續(xù)照顧年輕的熊貓兩年多的時間。for＋一段時間。]

　　4．(2024·江蘇，33)Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage________the opportunity to join sports teams.

　　答案　of　[考查動詞短語。句意：父母應(yīng)積極督促孩子抓住機會加入運動隊。take advantage of利用。]

　　5．(2024·江蘇，閱讀D)Shelly－Ann is a little woman ________ a big smile.She has mental toughness that did not come about by chance.

　　答案　with　[用with表示帶著微笑。]

　　6．(2024·浙江，6)That young man is honest, cooperative, always there when you need his help .________short, hes reliable.

　　答案　In　[考查介詞短語辨析。句意：那個年輕人誠實，合作，總是在你需要他的時候幫助你。總之，他很可靠。 in short “總之”。]

　　7．(2024·浙江，7)The study suggests that the cultures we grow up ________influence the basic processes by which we see world around us.

　　答案　in　[考查介詞。句意：研究表明，我們成長的文化影響我們看我們周圍的世界的基本過程。we grow up in 是定語從句，省略了引導(dǎo)詞that/which，與cultures搭配用in，故填介詞 in。]