2024年高考英語一輪復習講練測:必修5.5《First aid》(講)(解析版)
必修5
Unit 5 First aid
單元知識預覽
項目 單詞及其詞性變化(語法填空必備)
重點單詞 1.aid n. & vt.幫助;援助;資助 2.temporary adj.暫時的;臨時的 3.injury n.損傷;傷害→injure v.受傷 4.bleed vi. & vt.流血→bled(過去式)→bled(過去分詞)
5.choke vi. & vt.(使)噎住;(使)窒息 6.poison n.毒藥;毒害 vt.毒害;使中毒→poisonous adj.有毒的 7.variety n.變化;多樣(化);多變(性)→various adj.各種各樣的→vary v.變化 8.mild adj.輕微的;溫和的;溫柔的→mildly adv.輕微地;溫和地 9.swell vi. & vt.(使)膨脹;隆起→swollen adj.腫脹的 10.squeeze vt. & vi.榨;擠;壓榨 11.symptom n.癥狀;征兆
12.pour vt.
& vi.倒;灌;注;涌 13.tight adj.牢的;緊的;緊密的→tightly adv.緊地 14.firm adj.(動作)穩定有力的;堅定的→firmly adv.堅固地;穩定地 15.treat vt. & vi.治療;對待;款待 n.款待;招待→treatment n.治療;療法;對待;待遇 16.apply vt.涂;敷;搽;應用;運用 vi.申請;請求;使用;有效→applicant n.申請人→application n.申請(書) 17.pressure n.壓力;擠壓;壓迫(感)
重點短語 1.first aid 急救 2.fall ill
生病 3.prevent...from...
阻止…… 4.get burned
燒傷 5.electric shock
觸電;電休克 6.squeeze out
榨出;擠出
7.over and over again
反復;多次 8.in place
在適當的位置;適當 9.a number of
若干;許多 10.put one’s hands on
找到 11.make a difference
區別對待;有影響;起(重要)作用
經典句型
(高考書面表達必備) 1.If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible.若燙傷是在胳膊或腿上,如果可能的話,把它們抬得高于心臟。 2.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. 約翰正在房間里做功課,突然聽到一聲尖叫。
3.It was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade’s life. 正是約翰的快速反應和急救知識救了斯萊德女士的命。 4.There is no doubt_that John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life. 毫無疑問,是約翰敏捷的思維和在學校所學的急救技術,使得斯萊德女士得救了。
必備語法(高級句型) 非謂語動詞
晨讀范文背誦
背誦這篇范文
2024屆高三4月】假如你是李華,是英國某所學校的交換生,你于2024年10月14日在商店購買的電腦壞了,請你根據下列提示給商店客服寫一封信。
主要內容:
寫作目的;
描述具體情況(黑屏,無法使用);
建議解決辦法(更換或退錢);
注意:1. 可適當增加細節,使行文連貫;
2. 詞數100左右。
【參考范文】
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Li Hua, an exchange student from China. I’m writing to complain about the quality of the computer which I purchased from your store on October 14, 2024.
It unexpectedly went wrong a few days after I bought it. The monitor turned out to be a black screen while I was preparing an important report. I tried to restart it according to the instructions, but it still failed to work. Therefore, I’m sure there is something wrong with the computer. I am hoping that you direct me to a store where I may return the faulty item for a new one within the next 3 days. Since your store has gained a good reputation for customer satisfaction, I am confident you will process my complaint at your earlier convenience.
Looking forward to your early reply.
語言知識精析
重點單詞精講
考點1.aid n. & vt.幫助;援助;資助
【教材原句】First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到醫生之前對突然生病或受傷的人提供的一種暫時的幫助。
【例句研讀】
(1)He aided me in business.
他在生意上幫助我。
(2)He was too busy to come to my aid.
他太忙了,不能來幫我。
【歸納拓展】
with the aid of...在……的幫助下
in aid of sth./sb.以支援或幫助某物/某人
be a great aid to sb.對某人有極大的幫助
come to one's aid來幫助某人
first aid急救
aid sb.in sth./doing sth.在某方面幫助某人
aid sb.with sth.以某事物幫助某人
aid sb.to do sth.幫助某人做某事
【即時鞏固】
(1)He should be able to read this without ________________ a dictionary.他不用詞典應該能讀懂這個。
(2)He came to ______________
when I was in difficulty. 我有困難時,他來幫助我。
(3)My professor __________continue my study.我的教授幫助我繼續做研究。
【答案】(1)the aid of (2)my aid(3)aided me to
考點2.injury n.傷害;損害
【教材原句】Often the illness or injury is not serious,but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.
通常情況下這些患者的傷病都不太嚴重,但有些時候,給予緊急援助會挽救人的生命。
【例句研讀】
(1) Two players were out of the game because of injury.
兩名隊員因傷退出了比賽。
(2) Your words do an injury to the little girl.
你的言語傷害了這個小女孩。我僅在一周之內就讀完了那本書。
【歸納拓展】
injure vt. 損害;傷害
injured adj.
受傷的
escape injury
幸免受傷
do an injury to sb
傷害某人
【易混辨析】
injure,wound,hurt與damage
(1)injure
“損害,傷害”,多指身體上因意外受到的傷害,也可指感情上的傷害。如:
She was badly injured in the accident.
她在事故中受了重傷。
(2)wound “受傷,傷害”,多指戰斗中對身體造成的刀傷或槍傷,也可指“傷口”。如:
He died after receiving two bullet wounds in the head.
他因頭部中了兩顆子彈而死。
(3)hurt
“傷害,受傷”,多用于有生命的東西,常指肉體上的傷害,也可以比喻精神或感情方面的傷害。作不及物動詞時表示“疼痛”。如:
I hope we haven't offended him; he sounded rather hurt on the phone.
但愿我們沒有得罪他, 他在電話里聽起來像是受了委屈。
(4)damage“損壞”,指物的損失或價值的損失,也可指感情的傷害。如:
The flood did a lot of damage to the crops.
洪水嚴重地毀壞了農作物。
【即時鞏固】
(1) After the big earthquake,__________ had no access to the medical rescue immediately.
大地震后,傷員不能立即獲得醫療上的救援。
(2) He didn't mean to _______ her feelings.我沒打算傷害你的感情。
(3) In that accident, three were killed and four got ________________.在這次意外事故中,3人喪生,4人受傷。
(4) The heavy rain __________ many houses.大雨毀壞了許多房屋。
考點3.bleed (bled,bled) vi.& vt.流血
【例句研讀】
(1) My nose began to bleed.
我的鼻子開始流血。
(2) All the young soldiers are ready to bleed for the country.
所有的年輕戰士都愿意為祖國灑熱血。
【歸納拓展】
blood n.血,血液; 血統
bloody adj.
血腥的,殘忍的;流血的
bleed to death
流血致死
bleed for sth
為……而流血;為……而悲痛
【即時鞏固】
(1) She was almost
after she gave birth to a child. 生完孩子后,她幾乎因流血不止而死去。
(2) The cut on my arm _________for a long time.
我胳膊上的傷口流了好長時間的血。
(3)You____________ at the nose.(=Your nose is bleeding.)你在流鼻血。
考點4.variety n. 變化,多樣(化),多變(性);(同一事物的)不同種類,多種多樣
【教材原句】You can get burned by a variety of things:hot liquids,steam,fire,radiation(by being close to high heat or fire,etc.),the sun,electricity or chemicals.
你可能由于各種原因而被燒傷:灼熱的液體、水蒸氣、火、輻射(由于靠近高溫或大火等)、陽光、電和化學物品。
【例句研讀】
(1) There are a variety of flowers in the garden.
花園里有各種各樣的花。 (2) She made the children glad in a variety of ways.
她用各種各樣的方法使孩子們高興。
【歸納拓展】
a variety of=varieties of =various adj.各種各樣的;不同種類的
vary v.變化多;變化;使多樣化
vary from...to...從……到……不等;在……到……之間變動
vary with...隨……而變動
【溫馨提示】
“a variety of+復數名詞”用作主語,謂語要用復數;“the variety of+復數名詞”用作主語,謂語要用單數。
【即時鞏固】
(1) Beijing is filled with people from __________of China. 北京遍布來自全國各地的人。
(2) Opinions on this matter________.
在這個問題上,(人們的)意見不一致。
(3) ________is the spice of life.
變化是生活的調味品。
【答案】 (1) various parts (2) vary (3) Variety
考點5.swell vi.&vt.(swelled,swollen)(使)膨脹;隆起;(使)增加
【教材原句】...dry,red and mildly swollen干燥、發紅、微腫
【例句研讀】
(1) Her arm was beginning to swell up where the bee had stung her.
她的胳膊上被蜜蜂蜇了的地方開始腫了起來。
(2) The sails swelled
(out) in the wind.
船帆鼓滿了風。
【歸納拓展】
swell up 膨脹,腫脹
swell out鼓起,凸出
swell with...(心中)充滿……
swollen adj.腫脹的
【即時鞏固】
(1) Her heart ________happiness. 她心中充滿了幸福。
(2) Last year's profits ____________a fall in production costs.
去年因生產成本下降而使利潤有所增加。
考點6.electric adj.電的;導電的;電動的
【教材原句】Examples include burns caused by electric shocks,burning clothes ,or severe petrol fires.例如由電擊引起的燒傷,因衣服起火引起的燒傷,或因汽油起火引起的嚴重燒傷。
【例句研讀】
(1) This heavy truck is driven by two electric motors.
這輛重型卡車是由兩臺電動機驅動的。 (2)I want to buy an electric cooker.我想買一個電爐。
【易混易錯】
electric/electrical
electric 用電的,指“用電操作的或生電的”。
electrical 表示與電有關的人或事物,指“電的,電氣的”。
electric fan 電風扇
electric current電流
electrical engineer電機工程師
【即時鞏固】
(1) Please connect the two
wires.請把兩個電線接起來。 (2) All the
work was done by my younger brother.所有的電工活都是我弟弟做的。
【答案】(1) electric
(2) electrical
考點7.squeeze vt.& vi.榨;擠;壓榨
【教材原句】For second degree burns,keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water,squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.
對于二度燒傷,要保持濕布清涼,需把濕布放回冷水盆中,擰出水后再放在燒傷面上,這樣要反反復復地做一個小時左右,直到不太痛時為止。
【例句研讀】
(1) There's room for one more, but it'll be a squeeze.
這里還能容下一個人,但是會擠一點兒。
(2) He squeezed an orange to get the juice out.
他擠壓橘子以便榨出橘汁。
【歸納拓展】
squeeze out榨出;擠出
squeeze from從……榨取
squeeze out of從……中擠出/榨出
squeeze through擠著通過
squeeze sth.into...將某物擠成某形狀
squeeze one's way推開別人通過;擠過
【即時鞏固】
(1) Tom took off his wet clothes and _________the water out.湯姆脫下了濕衣服,擰出了水。 (2) The dog ____________the small hole in the wall.那條狗擠過了小小的墻洞。 (3) He was so fat that he could not _________________________.他太胖了不能擠進公共汽車。 【答案】(1) squeezed (2) squeezed through (3) squeeze into the bus考點8.vital adj.至關重要的;生死攸關的
【教材原句】If the injuries are second or third degree burns,it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.如果是二度或者三度燒傷,至關重要的是把傷者立刻送去看醫生或送往醫院。
【例句研讀】
(1) To be able to cope with change is vital for survival.
能夠應對變化對生存極為重要。
(2) Richard played a vital role in the team's success.
理查德對團隊的成功起了至關重要的作用。
【歸納拓展】
be of vital importance至關重要的
be vital to...對……很重要
It is vital to do sth.做……是很重要的
It is vital that...……是十分重要的(that從句中要用虛擬語氣,即should do,should可以省略)
【即時鞏固】
(1) Skilful employees __________the success of any company.
技術好的雇員對任何公司的成功都極為重要。
(2) ____________that school teach students to use computer technology.
學校應該教會學生使用計算機技術,這是至關重要的。
(3) _________ to master at least a foreign language at college. 在大學掌握至少一門外語是非常重要的。
考點9.pour vt.& vi.倒;灌;注;涌;不斷涌向;下大雨