2024屆高考英語考前沖刺：單項填空
2024屆高考英語考前沖刺精選單項填空
(一)名詞和主謂一致
1. （·江蘇卷·T22）The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good _____.
A. expectation
B. reputation
C. contribution
D. civilization
2. （·安徽卷·T25）I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond
.
A.
hearing
B. strength
C.
recognition
D. measure
3. （·湖北卷·T21）This restaurant has become popular for its wide
of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.
A. division
B. area
C. range
D. circle
4. （·湖北卷·T22）After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide
for the homeless families.
A. accommodation
B. occupation
C. equipment
D. furniture
5. （·湖南卷·T33）Listening to loud music at rock concerts
caused hearing loss in some teenagers.
A. isB. areC. hasD. have
6. （·江西卷·T 35）.Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a(n)
of 40,000 per year.
A. average
B. number
C. amount
D. quantity
7. （·山東卷·T33）Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine.
A. relief
B. safety
C. defense
D. shelter
8. (·陜西卷·T 24). It is reported that many a new house
at present in the disaster area.
A. are being built
B. were being built
C. was being built
D. is being built
9. （·四川卷·T 15）. Such poets as Shakespeare
widely read, of whose works, however, some
difficult to understand.
A. are; are
B. is; is
C. are; is
D. is; are
10. （·天津卷·T3）. James took the magazines off the little table to make??????? for the television.
A. room
B. area
C. field
D. position
11. （·浙江卷·Ｔ16）. The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don't give you any direct __.
A. solution
B. target
C. measure
D. function
【答案解析】
1. 【解析】選B。考查名詞辨義。句意：那個醫生擅于治療心臟病，并且從來不接受病人的禮物，所以他有非常好的名聲。本題考查名詞辨義：expectation（期望，預期）；reputation（名聲）；contribution（貢獻，致力）；civilization（文明）。根據句意選擇B項。
2. 【解析】選C。考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從Sara還是個小女孩時起，我就沒再見過過她，她現在已經變得讓人認不出了。hearing 聽覺；strength強度，力氣，力量；recognition 認出，承認； measure 大小，度量單位，范圍，程度。
3. 【解析】選C。考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于有廣泛的食物（選擇）適合所有口味和收入的人群的需要，這家餐館已經火了。由定語從句that suit all tastes and pockets可以推定所選詞應表示“（選擇）范圍”，因此選擇C。division 分開，分擔；area 面積，地區，領域；circle 圓圈，環形物；均不合題意。
4. 【解析】選A。考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：地震之后，當地政府首先做的是為無家可歸的家庭提供住處。由語境（after the earthquake）可知，對the homeless families首先應當提供的是住處，因此選擇A。occupation 職業，占有；equipment 設備；furniture 家具；均不合題意。
5. 【解析】選C。考查主謂一致和語態。由于caused后有賓語，故該用主動語態，即可排除A、B。考慮到主語是動名詞短語，所以謂語動詞該用單數。故選C。句意：在搖滾演唱會上聽超響的音樂已對一些青少年造成了聽力的喪失。
6. 【解析】選A。考查名詞詞義辨析。 句意： 去年畢業有駕照的學生達到了20萬， 平均每年有4萬。an average of 平均； a number of 許多； an amount of 許多, 修飾不可數名詞；
a quantity of 許多 ，修飾可數名詞或不可數名詞。根據語境per year 可知此處指的是平均數。
7. 【解析】選A。考查名詞辨析。句意為：那些患頭痛的人將會發現服用了這種藥頭痛可以得到緩解。relief緩解，減輕；safety 安全；defense 防御；shelter 保護，避難所，躲避處；根據四個名詞選項，可判斷A項為正確答案。
8. 【解析】選D。考查主謂一致。根據 “many a + 單數可數名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞應用單數形式，可排除A、B。根據時間狀語at present (目前，現在)，要用現在進行時，所以又可排除C。
9. 【解析】選A。考查主謂一致。當“名詞/代詞+介詞短語”作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數通常取決于名詞或代詞的單復數，因此第一空的單復數取決于poets；非限制性定語從句的主語是some of whose works，故選項A正確。
10. 【解析】選A。考查名詞辨義。句意：詹姆斯把那本雜志從小桌子上拿走，好騰出地方來放電視機。room n(U) 空間，地方；（C）房間，室; area
地區，面積; field田間，領域 ;position 位置，地點; room 在此是不可數名詞，空間，地方。make room for 給。。。騰地方。
11. 【解析】選A。考查名詞詞義辨析。本句意義為：“雖然學校顧問會幫你解釋清楚問題，但是他們不會給出任何直接解決的辦法。”solution 解決辦法，符合語義要求。target目標；measure尺寸，措施；function功能。
（二）冠詞
1. （·江蘇卷·T21）The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that ______ people from all walks of life are working hard for______ new Jiangsu.
A. 不填; a
B. 不填; the
C. the; a
D. the; the
2. （·北京卷·T35）First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get __ second
chance to make __first impression.
A. a; the
B. the; the
C. a; a
D. the; a
3. （·福建卷·T 21）. It’s
good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them ______pleasure.
A. 不填, a
B. a, 不填
C. the, a
D. a, the
4. （·遼寧卷·T22）There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in _______ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _______ earth.
A．the; the
B. 不填; the
C．the; 不填
D．a; the
5.
(山東卷·T22） If we sit near _______ front of the bus, we’ll have _______ better view. A. 不填；the
B. 不填；a
C. the; a
D. the；the
6. （·四川卷·T2）. In
most countries, a university degree can give you
flying start in life.
A. the; a
B. the; 不填
C.不填; 不填
D.不填; a
7. （·浙江卷·T2）. Many lifestyle patterns do such __ great harm to health that they actually speed up __weakening of the human body.A. a; /
B. /; the
C. a; the
D. /; /
8. （·重慶卷·T27）.Everything comes with
price; there is no such
thing as free lunch in the
world.
A. a, a
B. the, /
C. the,
/
D. a,
/
【答案解析】
1. 【解析】選A。考查冠詞用法。句意：使這兒的來賓印象非常深刻的是，來自各行各業的人都在為建設一個新江蘇而努力工作。本題中第一空指“來自各行各業的人”，集體名詞people表示泛指，所以其前面不用冠詞；第二空指“一個新江蘇”，專有名詞Jiangsu 前有形容詞new，加不定冠詞表示泛指，指具有某種性質的物（或者人）。所以選擇A項。
2. 【解析】選C。考查冠詞。句意：第一印象是最持久的。畢竟，你不會再一次得到機會留下第一印象的。 “ “a + 序數詞 + 單數可數名詞”表示“又一……，再一……”；后面是短語make a first impression，表示“留下第一印象”。
3. 【解析】選B。考查冠詞的用法。句意為：對于人們來說，欣賞帶給他們快樂的上海世博會是一種美好的感覺。feeling指傷心或快樂的感覺時通常用作可數名詞；pleasure“愉快，高興”，通常用作不可數名詞。
4. 【解析】選B。考查冠詞。句意：太空中有超過58,000塊的巖狀物體，其中大約有900塊可能掉到地球上。in space 是固定短語，不用冠詞，第二空名詞earth屬于獨一無二事物的名詞，其前必須用定冠詞。
5.
【解析】選C.。考查冠詞用法。句意為：如果我們坐在汽車的前部，我們就會看得更清楚。第一個空the front of the bus指公共汽車內部的前面，此處用the定指；第二空中have a better view 意為“更好地看到”。have a good view of清楚看到，看到......的美景。
【知識拓展】冠詞用法的考查常用以下幾個命題角度： （1）不定冠詞a/an在句中表示泛指一個；
Shanghai has become a world-class metro.
（2）定冠詞表示特指，用于指前面已經提到的人或物以及帶有限定成分的名詞、某些專有名詞等。 With the
World EXPO taking place in Shanghai, the city has become the centre of the world attention.
（3）冠詞在某些特定短語中的應用； I was at a loss what we can do with such a naughty boy.
（4）零冠詞用法：在某些物質名詞及抽象名詞前不使用冠詞。 Metal has replaced wood in constructing high buildings.
（5）抽象名詞具體化用法：在某些名詞如success, failure, surprise, disappointment, shock等用于指一件……事或一個……的人，常在其前加a/an.
What a disappointment it was to learn that he had turned down our request.
6. 【解析】選D。考查冠詞。most countries此處表示泛指，most前不加定冠詞the；start在句中的意思是“起點”，是可數名詞，故選項D正確。
7. 【解析】選B。 考查冠詞的用法。第一個空格中的“do harm to…”為固定搭配，中間不用冠詞，第二個空格后由于有of引導的后置定語，所以weakening前加the予以限定。
8. 【解析】選D。句意：任何事情都是要付出代價的,在這個世界上并沒有免費的午餐。price是可數名詞單數形式，表泛指須要加不定冠詞a，no such thing 是固定搭配，不用冠詞，結構是no such+名詞：no such person，no such book。
（三）代詞
1. （· 全國卷I·T23） I'll spend half of my holiday practicing English and _________ half learning drawing.
A. another???
B. the other
C. other’s???
?D. other
2. (·全國卷II·T12)Neither side is prepared to talk to _____ unless we can smooth things over between them.
A.? others? B.? the other?
C. another?
D.? one other
3. (·全國卷II·T14)The doctor thought ____ would be good for you to have a holiday.
A. this? B.? that?
C.? one?
D.? it
4. （·安徽卷·T21）You are the team star! Working with ______is really your cup of tea.
A. both
B. either
C. others
D. the other
5.（·福建卷·T 22）. When you introduce me to Mr. Johnson, could you please say
for me?
A. everything
B. anything
C. something
D. nothing
6.（·重慶卷·T23）.He had
lost his temper and his health in the war and never found
of
them again.
A. neither
B. either
C.
each
D. all
7. （·江西卷·T 27）Swimming is my favorite sport. There is ___like swimming as a means of keeping fit.
A. something
B. anything
C. nothing
D. everything
8.（··遼寧卷··T33）The fact that she was foreign made _____difficult for her
to
get
a
job
in
that
country
A . so
B. much
C. that
D. it
9.（·山東卷·T32）Helping others is a habit, _______ you can learn even at an early age.
A. it
B. that
C. what
D. one
10.（·陜西卷·T 12）. The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ____ in any other area of the city.
A. that
B. this
C. it
D. one
11. (·上海卷·T 27). If our parents do everything for us children, we won't learn to depend on
A. themselves
B. them
C. us
D. ourselves
12.（·四川卷·T7）. On my desk is a photo that my father took of
when I was a baby.
A. him
B. his
C. me
D. mine
13.（·天津卷·T6）. ?????in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.
A. Anything??????? B. Nothing?????? C. Everything???? D. Something
14.（·浙江卷·T14）.
__ that's important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.
A. One
B. All
C. Everything
D. Anything
【答案解析】
1. 【解析】選B。考查代詞。another“另一個”，指三者或三者以上中的另一個。the other表示兩者中的另一個，other“其他的”， others表示“其他的人或物”。句意：我的假期的一半時間將用來練習英語，另一半時間將用來學習繪畫。根據句意以及another與the other的用法可知選B。
【知識拓展】another，the other，other，others的區別
another“另一個”，指三者或三者以上中的另一個。the other表示兩者中的另一個，常用于“one…the other…”結構，表示“一個---另一個---”；另外，the other后面還可跟名詞，特指其他的人或物。other是形容詞，表示“其他的”，不能單獨使用，后面必須跟名詞，表示泛指，如other people泛指其他的人。others相當于other后面跟名詞，如other people=other。
例如：1）I have three best friends. One is Tom, one is Bob, and another Jack.我有三個朋友，一個是湯姆，一個是鮑勃，另一個是杰克。（another指三者或三者以上中的另一個）
