(2)新穎性原則 寫作時(shí)恰當(dāng)?shù)皿w地使用高中學(xué)過(guò)的、別人可能想不到的詞匯，會(huì)給閱卷人耳目一新的感覺(jué)。但是需注意：既要避免使用俗詞，又要避開(kāi)冷僻詞匯。 ①In the coming three years，our school life will be difficult. → In the coming three years，our school life will be challenging. ②So long as we hold fast to our ideals and never give up，we are sure to achieve success. → So long as we hold fast to our ideals and never give up，we are bound to achieve success. (3)短語(yǔ)優(yōu)先原則 多使用詞組、習(xí)語(yǔ)來(lái)代替一些單詞，以增加文采。 ①Developing a good habit is also important. → Developing a good habit is also of importance. ②As the number of English learners is increasing，it’s not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts. → As the number of English learners is on the rise，it’s not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts. ③I was going to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car，which drove off quickly. → I was on my way to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car，which drove off quickly. (4)避免重復(fù)原則 盡量避免過(guò)多地使用某一個(gè)單詞，必要時(shí)選擇使用其他恰當(dāng)?shù)耐x詞或詞組來(lái)代替。 ①I like reading while my brother likes watching football matches. →I like reading while my brother enjoys watching football matches. ②We’ve built a new experiment building beside the old one and we’ve also built a library where the old playground used to be. →We’ve built a new experiment building beside the old one and we’ve also set up a library where the old playground used to be. 常見(jiàn)高級(jí)寫作詞匯必備 1．第一first →to begin/start with

　　2．第二second →in addition/what’s more 3．最后finally→ last but not least 4．總之in a word→ to sum up/in conclusion/in summary 5．但是but→ however 6．機(jī)會(huì)chance→ opportunity 7．選擇choice→ alternative 8．考慮consider→ take into account/consideration 9．充足enough →adequate

　　10．影響effect→ influence 11．最終finally→ eventually 12．勤奮hardworking→ diligent 13．幫助help→ assist 14．后果result→ consequence

　　15．應(yīng)該should→ be supposed to

　　16．缺點(diǎn)shortcoming→ drawback

　　17．理解understand→ make sense of/figure out 18．可用useful→ available 19．使用use→ employ/make use of 20．種類繁多all kinds of →a wide range of 21．也；和as well as →in addition to/apart from 22．反對(duì)be against →object to 23．厭煩be bored with →be fed up with 24．忙于be busy in/with→be occupied in/with 25．發(fā)生happen →occur/come about 26．幾乎不hardly →barely 27．提高improve →promote 28．重要important →vital 29．立即immediately →in a flash 30．不可能impossible →out of the question 31．有趣interesting →absorbing/striking/appealing 32．參加join →participate 33．幸運(yùn)lucky →fortunate 34．巨大large →enormous 35．許多many →a large quantity of 36．明顯obvious →apparent 37．豐富rich →abundant 38．小心謹(jǐn)慎be careful →be cautious 39．與……不同be different from →differ/vary from 40．渴望做……be eager to do →be dying to do/long to do 41．因?yàn)閎ecause of→ on account of 42．聞名be famous for →have a reputation for 43．正在建設(shè) being built →under construction 44．感到舒心feel comfortable →feel at ease 45．在我看來(lái)in my opinion →as far as I am concerned 46．美化學(xué)校

　　make our school beautiful →beautify our school 47．故意on purpose →deliberately/by design 48．置若罔聞 refuse to listen to→ turn a deaf ear to 49．成功做某事succeed in doing sth.→make it 50．無(wú)法描述的美麗too beautiful to describe →beauty beyond description 51．一個(gè)表現(xiàn)好的孩子a child who behaves in a proper way→ a well-behaved child 52．節(jié)能的房子a house which saves energy →an energy-saving house 53．一位受到良好教育的婦女a(chǎn) woman who has received good education →a well-educated woman 54．精心組織的活動(dòng)an activity that is organized well→ a well-organized activity 55．一個(gè)愛(ài)好和平的人a person who loves peace→ a peace-loving person 3．句式多變，結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜：高考評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中提出“較多的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)”就是指句式結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣性。毋庸置疑，單調(diào)的句式和結(jié)構(gòu)、長(zhǎng)度相近的句子會(huì)使文章呆板單調(diào)，缺乏生氣和活 力，而靈活多變的句式則使行文豐富多彩，生動(dòng)、自然、流 暢。感嘆句、倒裝句、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型、定語(yǔ)從句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)等語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的正確使用，可以使文章的語(yǔ)言充滿層次感，從而較好地反映出作者的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。常見(jiàn)的滿分句型： (1)合并句子(豐富結(jié)構(gòu)) ●_____________can I improve my oral English __________I learn some customs in western countries. ●_____________，they help to improve my writing skills and broaden my horizons.______________ ，they can enrich my life and provide me with great fun. (2)改變語(yǔ)態(tài)(避免單調(diào)) ●Besides，I am a book-lover and the books ______________ that they are as good as new. (3)使用省略(達(dá)到言簡(jiǎn)意賅的效果) ●If so，please keep quiet about it because we want to give him a surprise. Not only For one thing but also For

　　another are so well kept

　　(4)使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型(突出語(yǔ)意) ●______________________________________ affect the children’s healthy development. (5)使用倒裝句(增強(qiáng)說(shuō)服力) ●__________________________________________________a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish. (6)使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(提出建議，委婉表達(dá)，易于接受) ●She would have never thought a complete surprise was waiting for her. (7)使用with結(jié)構(gòu)(豐富句式) ●The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring，___________________________________________________． It is overprotection and too much care that Only when we match our words with actions can we make

　　with the sun shining and birds singing (8)使用狀語(yǔ)從句(強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)或句子) ●_______________________________，they were always available.　 (9)使用定語(yǔ)從句(表意豐富) ●However，I was busy preparing for my final exam at that time，__________________________________． (10)使用名詞性從句(體現(xiàn)扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)言功底) ●__________________________________________ children are the focus of families，shouldering the hope of their parents. Whenever I had difficulties which was of vital importance for me It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that

　　(11)使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞以及動(dòng)名詞的使用，可使句式多樣化) ●What’s worse，they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake，___________________________________________________． ●These days，________________________________ are not uncommon，______________________ life and the environment. totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby breaking traffic rules and littering causing serious harm to

　　(12)適當(dāng)使用名言警句 在寫作時(shí)，根據(jù)實(shí)際情況恰當(dāng)?shù)赜蒙弦粌删涿跃鋪?lái)點(diǎn)綴文章，不僅使文章顯得有深度，而且會(huì)提升文章的得分檔 次。寫作中常用的名言警句有： As a popular saying goes，“Every coin has two sides.”常言 道，“事物都有兩面性。” As a proverb says，“Rome was not built in a day.”常言道， “偉業(yè)非一日之功。” Where there is a will there is a way.有志者事竟成。 As a popular saying goes，“Facts speak louder than

　　words.”正如格言所說(shuō)，“事實(shí)勝于雄辯。” As is known to all，“No pains，no gains.”眾所周知，“不 勞則無(wú)獲。” It’ s no use crying over the spilt milk.覆水難收。 Look before you leap.三思而后行。 He who laughs last laughs best.誰(shuí)笑到最后，誰(shuí)就笑得最好。 As is known to all，“Easier said than done.”眾所周知， “說(shuō)起來(lái)容易做起來(lái)難。” One false step will make a great difference. 失之毫厘，謬以千 里。 A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.千里之 行，始于足下， Well begun is half done.良好的開(kāi)端是成功的一半。 A life without a friend is like a life without sun.人生沒(méi)有了朋 友，猶如生活沒(méi)有了陽(yáng)光。 A friend in need is a friend indeed.患難見(jiàn)真情。 Time and tide wait for no man.歲月不待人。 4．過(guò)渡自然，行文流暢：明確了文章的主題和中心后，我們就應(yīng)該用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞、恰當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)、合適的句型將要點(diǎn)擴(kuò)展成句，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)向文章。在高考書面表達(dá)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)指出，書面表達(dá)應(yīng)該注意“上下文的連貫性”，并能“有效地使用語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊”。此處所說(shuō)的連貫性，是指段與段、句與句之間以一種明晰的、合乎邏輯的順序組織與安排，做到在文意與結(jié)構(gòu)上層次分明，條理清楚，連貫流 暢。因此，為了增加文章的連貫性、邏輯性和可讀性，大家在寫作時(shí)要根據(jù)行文的需要，恰當(dāng)使用各類過(guò)渡詞、過(guò)渡句甚至過(guò)渡段來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)詞與詞、句與句、段與段之間的有效連接。 常用的過(guò)渡句式(黑體部分)： Also，do let me know if you need more information. Secondly，we should get up early to memorize idioms and useful expressions. Obviously，a good learning habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. What’s more，good books can help us to develop good characters. I lost my way in the forest and to make matters worse/what is worse，it became dark. In addition，we shouldn’t neglect that everyone wants a

　　friendly and peaceful society. Meanwhile/At the same time，I will regard it as my duty to

　　keep our environment clean and healthy. Take Beijing for example，it is one of the oldest cities in the

　　world. What is more serious is that we don’t cherish wildlife. As far as I am concerned，they stand for love，friendship and unity. Besides，I wish there wouldn’t be too many students in a class. Moreover，it seems that he always thinks more of himself than of others. Worse still，I took many falls off the bike. Second，go outdoors and play team games with your friends as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger. But unfortunately I mind my own business without considering my parents. However，not until the match was over did we realize that we became the loser. On the other hand，online shopping also has many disadvantages. On the contrary，the volunteers always claim that they are tired of the life on earth. Contrary to what I had originally said，the trip turned out to be fun. However，what amazes you most is the following new function. Otherwise we’ll have to answer for our selfishness sooner or later. But now because my left foot was injured，I cannot go with you as planned. 四、仔細(xì)檢查 短文完成后，一定要養(yǎng)成仔細(xì)檢查的好習(xí)慣，這是保證行文質(zhì)量的非常重要的步驟。我們?cè)跈z查時(shí)需要重點(diǎn)注意以下幾個(gè)方面： 1．格式、人稱是否正確。 2．內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)是否齊全。遺漏要點(diǎn)是要扣分的。因此，我們應(yīng)該重視每一個(gè)要點(diǎn)。 3．語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)是否出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。這也是我們檢查的主要方面之一。復(fù)查點(diǎn)主要包括：①主謂是否一致；②名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式、介詞的使用是否正確；③冠詞是否遺漏；④形容詞及副詞是否使用得當(dāng)；⑤句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整；⑥標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)、單詞的大小寫是否正確；⑦單詞拼寫是否正確；⑧詞數(shù)是否嚴(yán)重不足或者超出太多等等。檢查時(shí)，我們還應(yīng)該遵循如下原則：盡可能只對(duì)文章做小方面的改動(dòng)，對(duì)文章的構(gòu)思、寫作順序等大的方面盡量不要改動(dòng)。 五、規(guī)范謄寫 高考英語(yǔ)寫作評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中對(duì)書寫有較高的要求，尤其是現(xiàn)在英語(yǔ)作文都要進(jìn)行網(wǎng)上閱卷，如果書寫較差，會(huì)影響到掃描質(zhì)量。因此，考生在答卷時(shí)，一定要書寫清楚，字母大小勻 稱，單詞間距適當(dāng)，沒(méi)有明顯修改痕跡，以確保卷面干凈整 潔。在平日訓(xùn)練中，我們就應(yīng)該注重練好基本功，盡量避免因卷面不清而被扣分。 專題針 對(duì)訓(xùn)練 課堂達(dá) 標(biāo)訓(xùn)練 專題針 對(duì)訓(xùn)練 課堂達(dá) 標(biāo)訓(xùn)練 專題針 對(duì)訓(xùn)練 課堂達(dá) 標(biāo)訓(xùn)練 《考試大綱》明確要求：考生根據(jù)提示進(jìn)行書面表達(dá)。考生應(yīng)能：(1)準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法和詞匯；(2)使用一定的詞匯、句型，清楚、連貫地表達(dá)自己的意思。在課標(biāo)卷高考英語(yǔ)試卷中，英語(yǔ)作文是唯一一道主觀性試題，也是要求考生能夠根據(jù)試題提示使用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行書面表達(dá)，能夠有效地運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)清楚、連貫地傳遞信息，本題型旨在考查考生的英語(yǔ)運(yùn)用能力，考查考生使用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行遣詞造句、布局謀篇的能力。 一、命題特點(diǎn) 1．寫作體裁與知識(shí)的實(shí)際運(yùn)用密切結(jié)合。 近三年的新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷絕大部分為書信或電子郵件。這一應(yīng)用文體，在日常生活中使用較多，考生十分熟悉。寫作話題貼近實(shí)際生活，突出了對(duì)考生處理現(xiàn)實(shí)生活實(shí)際問(wèn)題的能力的考查。 2．突出考查考生的想象力和創(chuàng)新能力。 近三年的書面表達(dá)的寫作內(nèi)容都是來(lái)自于生活的真實(shí)情景。需要考生根據(jù)自身的生活閱歷展開(kāi)合理想象，創(chuàng)設(shè)合情合理的語(yǔ)境。 3．半開(kāi)放式已成主流。 近幾年來(lái)，新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷書面表達(dá)全部為半開(kāi)放式寫作。這種考查形式使考生不完全受“提示形式”和“內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)”的限制可以適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。但這同時(shí)也對(duì)考生的寫作能力提出了更高的要求。 二、命題預(yù)測(cè) 從高考書面表達(dá)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)看，2024年高考在體裁和題材上應(yīng)該保持相對(duì)穩(wěn)定，寫作類型及提示形式也不會(huì)有太大的變 化。考查考生的創(chuàng)新意識(shí)、思維拓展能力和文化素養(yǎng)的試題比重會(huì)有所增加。 (2024·高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)假定你是李華，你校英文報(bào)“外國(guó)文化”欄目擬刊登介紹美國(guó)節(jié)日風(fēng)俗和中學(xué)生生活的短文。請(qǐng)給美國(guó)朋友彼得寫信約稿，要點(diǎn)如下： 1．欄目介紹； 2．稿件內(nèi)容； 3．稿件長(zhǎng)度：約400詞； 4．交稿日期：6月28日前。 注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3．開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫好。 Dear Peter， I’d like to ask you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 【審題謀篇】 項(xiàng)目 結(jié)論 體裁 約稿信 話題 介紹美國(guó)節(jié)日風(fēng)俗和中學(xué)生生活 時(shí)態(tài) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 人稱 第二人稱 【遣詞造句】 1．詞匯 (1)拓寬我們的視野_____________________ (2)受……歡迎_________________ (3)另外_______________ (4)只要_____________ (5)渴望________________ broaden our horizons be popular with in addition as/so long as look forward to 2．句式 (1)最近，在我們學(xué)校非常受歡迎的校報(bào)欄目“外國(guó)文化”擬刊登介紹西方文化生活的文章。 一般表達(dá)：The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students.It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries. 高級(jí)表達(dá)：(用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句并適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)改寫上面的句子) _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Recently，in order to broaden our horizons，the “Foreign Cultures” section in our school newspaper，which is very popular among us students，will carry articles written by foreign friends about western life and culture. (2)我希望你能在6月28日前交稿。 一般表達(dá)：Could we have your article before June 28?

　　高級(jí)表達(dá)：(用狀語(yǔ)從句并適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)來(lái)改寫上面的句子) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope you would be so kind as to send it to us before June 28th，so that it can be published in time. 【美文呈現(xiàn)】 Dear Peter，

　　I’d like to ask you to write an article for our school’s English

　　newspaper. Recently，in order to broaden our horizons，the “Foreign Cultures” section in our school newspaper，which is very popular among us students，will carry articles written by foreign friends about western life and culture. Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States？And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals，and the life of American high school students.You can write anything relevant so long as it’s interesting and informative.400 words would be fine.I hope you would be so kind as to send it to us before June 28th，so that it can be published in time. Yours， Li Hua 書面表達(dá)題主要考查考生用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)自己思想的能力，即考查考生是否能用所學(xué)的英語(yǔ)知識(shí)，用合乎英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣的表達(dá)方式傳遞信息，進(jìn)行思想交流。這種測(cè)試既符合英語(yǔ)教學(xué)總目標(biāo)的要求，又與日常生活和社會(huì)交往密切相連，尤其突出了語(yǔ)言交際功能的特點(diǎn)。其解題方法如下： 一、審題立意 審題是做好書面表達(dá)的前提。做題前應(yīng)認(rèn)真分析材料，明確題目要求。 1．審文體：文體形式一般有記敘文、說(shuō)明文、議論文及各種應(yīng)用文(包括書信、通知、日記、便條等)，要注意不同文體在格式上的要求以及與漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)不同的地方。 2．審人稱：弄清書面表達(dá)要求用何種人稱，然后以合適的身 份、語(yǔ)氣，從適當(dāng)?shù)慕嵌冗M(jìn)行表達(dá)。 3．審時(shí)態(tài)：考生容易出錯(cuò)的就是時(shí)態(tài)。首先應(yīng)確定文章的主體時(shí)態(tài)。例如：日記一般使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，說(shuō)明文一般使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)等。當(dāng)然，為滿足寫作的需要，我們還要把其他時(shí)態(tài)與主體時(shí)態(tài)交叉使用。 4．審要求：考生要特別關(guān)注書面表達(dá)題中的“注意”一項(xiàng)，這是命題人對(duì)考生提出的具體答題要求，因此對(duì)于題目所提供的說(shuō)明，無(wú)論是英語(yǔ)還是漢語(yǔ)，都應(yīng)該認(rèn)真分析，反復(fù)推 敲，做到寫作時(shí)沒(méi)有偏差。 二、列出要點(diǎn) 高考書面表達(dá)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一是要點(diǎn)齊全。但在考場(chǎng)上，由于擔(dān)心時(shí)間不夠、緊張以及受不良答題習(xí)慣等因素的影響，不少考生答題心切，沒(méi)有認(rèn)真審題，導(dǎo)致所寫的文章要點(diǎn)殘 缺，詳略不當(dāng)，結(jié)構(gòu)不清。 拿到題目后，考生首先要整體把握本篇書面表達(dá)的中心內(nèi)容和重點(diǎn)是什么，要求最大篇幅是多少；其次要弄清哪些是次要信息，只需要交代一下；最后確定可以在哪里補(bǔ)充一些內(nèi) 容，以使文章內(nèi)容豐富，上下文連貫。具體來(lái)講，可以分以下三種情況。 1．提綱作文：命題人通過(guò)漢語(yǔ)、英語(yǔ)給定寫作提綱，要求考生根據(jù)給出的提綱，確定文章的中心，然后緊緊圍繞中心表達(dá)提綱的主旨。考生要細(xì)讀提示，認(rèn)真審題，在定好體裁、時(shí)態(tài)、人稱、明確信息全面、要點(diǎn)清晰的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)要點(diǎn)和重點(diǎn)詞匯的句法功能、句子的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，按照提示或說(shuō)明中所提供的事實(shí)和情節(jié)發(fā)展的順序選詞造句，然后將零散的句子排列成主謂一致、時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)、脈絡(luò)分明、合乎邏輯、內(nèi)容完整的短文。 2．看圖作文：這種類型的書面表達(dá)最容易遺漏要點(diǎn)。無(wú)論是單幅、雙幅還是多幅圖畫，考生一定要認(rèn)真研究圖畫中的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)或信息，這些都要在文章中有所體現(xiàn)。注意有些題目還會(huì)要求考生發(fā)表對(duì)該圖畫的看法，考生一定要根據(jù)題目要求和圖畫寓意表達(dá)出來(lái)。 3．(半)開(kāi)放作文：這種類型的書面表達(dá)往往分為兩種。一種是題目給出一段漢字，一種是給出一幅(組)漫畫，讓考生發(fā)表看法。這時(shí)，考生要緊扣文章提示，先對(duì)該現(xiàn)象或圖畫進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單扼要的描述或介紹，然后再據(jù)此發(fā)表議論。 三、遣詞造句 列好要點(diǎn)后就進(jìn)入寫作的實(shí)質(zhì)階段了，那就是提筆成文。提筆成文時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該注意的是： 1．開(kāi)頭出彩，結(jié)尾精妙：一般說(shuō)來(lái)，短文應(yīng)由三部分構(gòu)成——開(kāi)頭、正文、結(jié)尾。好的開(kāi)始是成功的一半，開(kāi)好頭、起好步對(duì)書面表達(dá)至關(guān)重要，好的開(kāi)頭會(huì)讓閱卷老師的眼睛為之一“亮”。開(kāi)頭常見(jiàn)的方式包括開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山、以俗語(yǔ)諺語(yǔ)或直接引語(yǔ)引出等，當(dāng)然也可以以疑問(wèn)句、套語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭。文章能否得高分，關(guān)鍵還要看結(jié)尾，好的結(jié)尾能起到畫龍點(diǎn)睛的作 用。文章的結(jié)尾應(yīng)根據(jù)不同體裁而定，或總結(jié)全文，或表明對(duì)所敘述的人或事的態(tài)度，適可而止，但千萬(wàn)不能草草收 場(chǎng)，結(jié)尾一定要顯得水到渠成。 常用開(kāi)頭句式(黑體部分)： First，I think everyone needs friends and is eager to get friendship. First of all，we must make full use of every 45-minute lesson. Nowadays/Recently，people in many big cities are complaining about the heavy traffic. In the first place，she can read at the rate of 100 words a minute. To begin with，smoking should be banned in public areas. Generally speaking，the more you practise，the more skillfully you can write in English. As the proverb says/As the saying goes，“Time is money.” As can be seen from the table，nearly everyone owns one

　　mobile phone in China. With the development of the Internet，computers play an

　　important role in people’s life. It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours. There is no denying that successful business lies in a healthy

　　body and mind. It is believed that health is above wealth. It is well known that an elephant is a very kind and gentle

　　animal. I’m excited to learn that we are going to start a magazine. I’m glad to hear that you will come to our school as an exchange student. As is known to all，shoes play an important role in our life，for it can protect our feet from being hurt. 常用結(jié)尾句式(黑體部分)： All in all，traveling is the best choice to recharge ourselves and get ready for the new challenges. In conclusion，a good citizen should observe traffic regulations. In a word，success is important，and so is failure，because it’s the mother of success. To sum up，environmental protection is of great importance，which can make us live more comfortably and healthily. On the whole，I find a bike more enjoyable than a motorcycle. I’d appreciate it if you could deliver them as soon as possible. It is high time that we did something to prevent the environment from being polluted. Only with combined efforts can we expect our hometown will take on a new look in the near future. We can，therefore，come to the conclusion that nothing is so precious as peace in the world. From what has been discussed above，we may draw the conclusion that you must have self-confidence if you want to achieve something. In short，not only has the inclusion poisoned Chinese，but it may also bring about distance between the Chinese people. In a word，my life will be much richer and more colorful. I’ll be glad if you can consider my recommendation. 2．表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確，用詞高級(jí)：高考評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中所說(shuō)的“應(yīng)用了較多的詞匯”，是指詞匯使用的多樣性，如詞性的多樣性、高級(jí)詞匯的使用、同義詞與反義詞的使用、短語(yǔ)的使用等。由此可知，運(yùn)用較高級(jí)詞匯對(duì)提高書面表達(dá)的得分檔次至關(guān)重要。使用高級(jí)詞匯的4 大原則：

　　(1)具體性原則 在具備一定詞匯量的條件下，具體的表達(dá)比泛泛而談的內(nèi)容更能引起讀者的共鳴。例如：當(dāng)描述一個(gè)具體事物或人時(shí)，類似a nice/good man的表達(dá)讓人感覺(jué)很空洞，我們可以用有個(gè)性的、具體的詞描繪一個(gè)人，如kind-hearted(好心的)；generous(慷慨的；大方的)；easy-going(隨和的)等。 ①I will have my own family probably with a lovely child. ②It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.

　　(2)新穎性原則 寫作時(shí)恰當(dāng)?shù)皿w地使用高中學(xué)過(guò)的、別人可能想不到的詞匯，會(huì)給閱卷人耳目一新的感覺(jué)。但是需注意：既要避免使用俗詞，又要避開(kāi)冷僻詞匯。 ①In the coming three years，our school life will be difficult. → In the coming three years，our school life will be challenging. ②So long as we hold fast to our ideals and never give up，we are sure to achieve success. → So long as we hold fast to our ideals and never give up，we are bound to achieve success. (3)短語(yǔ)優(yōu)先原則 多使用詞組、習(xí)語(yǔ)來(lái)代替一些單詞，以增加文采。 ①Developing a good habit is also important. → Developing a good habit is also of importance. ②As the number of English learners is increasing，it’s not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts. → As the number of English learners is on the rise，it’s not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts. ③I was going to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car，which drove off quickly. → I was on my way to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car，which drove off quickly. (4)避免重復(fù)原則 盡量避免過(guò)多地使用某一個(gè)單詞，必要時(shí)選擇使用其他恰當(dāng)?shù)耐x詞或詞組來(lái)代替。 ①I like reading while my brother likes watching football matches. →I like reading while my brother enjoys watching football matches. ②We’ve built a new experiment building beside the old one and we’ve also built a library where the old playground used to be. →We’ve built a new experiment building beside the old one and we’ve also set up a library where the old playground used to be. 常見(jiàn)高級(jí)寫作詞匯必備 1．第一first →to begin/start with

　　2．第二second →in addition/what’s more 3．最后finally→ last but not least 4．總之in a word→ to sum up/in conclusion/in summary 5．但是but→ however 6．機(jī)會(huì)chance→ opportunity 7．選擇choice→ alternative 8．考慮consider→ take into account/consideration 9．充足enough →adequate

　　10．影響effect→ influence 11．最終finally→ eventually 12．勤奮hardworking→ diligent 13．幫助help→ assist 14．后果result→ consequence

　　15．應(yīng)該should→ be supposed to

　　16．缺點(diǎn)shortcoming→ drawback

　　17．理解understand→ make sense of/figure out 18．可用useful→ available 19．使用use→ employ/make use of 20．種類繁多all kinds of →a wide range of 21．也；和as well as →in addition to/apart from 22．反對(duì)be against →object to 23．厭煩be bored with →be fed up with 24．忙于be busy in/with→be occupied in/with 25．發(fā)生happen →occur/come about 26．幾乎不hardly →barely 27．提高improve →promote 28．重要important →vital 29．立即immediately →in a flash 30．不可能impossible →out of the question 31．有趣interesting →absorbing/striking/appealing 32．參加join →participate 33．幸運(yùn)lucky →fortunate 34．巨大large →enormous 35．許多many →a large quantity of 36．明顯obvious →apparent 37．豐富rich →abundant 38．小心謹(jǐn)慎be careful →be cautious 39．與……不同be different from →differ/vary from 40．渴望做……be eager to do →be dying to do/long to do 41．因?yàn)閎ecause of→ on account of 42．聞名be famous for →have a reputation for 43．正在建設(shè) being built →under construction 44．感到舒心feel comfortable →feel at ease 45．在我看來(lái)in my opinion →as far as I am concerned 46．美化學(xué)校

　　make our school beautiful →beautify our school 47．故意on purpose →deliberately/by design 48．置若罔聞 refuse to listen to→ turn a deaf ear to 49．成功做某事succeed in doing sth.→make it 50．無(wú)法描述的美麗too beautiful to describe →beauty beyond description 51．一個(gè)表現(xiàn)好的孩子a child who behaves in a proper way→ a well-behaved child 52．節(jié)能的房子a house which saves energy →an energy-saving house 53．一位受到良好教育的婦女a(chǎn) woman who has received good education →a well-educated woman 54．精心組織的活動(dòng)an activity that is organized well→ a well-organized activity 55．一個(gè)愛(ài)好和平的人a person who loves peace→ a peace-loving person 3．句式多變，結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜：高考評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中提出“較多的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)”就是指句式結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣性。毋庸置疑，單調(diào)的句式和結(jié)構(gòu)、長(zhǎng)度相近的句子會(huì)使文章呆板單調(diào)，缺乏生氣和活 力，而靈活多變的句式則使行文豐富多彩，生動(dòng)、自然、流 暢。感嘆句、倒裝句、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型、定語(yǔ)從句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)等語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的正確使用，可以使文章的語(yǔ)言充滿層次感，從而較好地反映出作者的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。常見(jiàn)的滿分句型： (1)合并句子(豐富結(jié)構(gòu)) ●_____________can I improve my oral English __________I learn some customs in western countries. ●_____________，they help to improve my writing skills and broaden my horizons.______________ ，they can enrich my life and provide me with great fun. (2)改變語(yǔ)態(tài)(避免單調(diào)) ●Besides，I am a book-lover and the books ______________ that they are as good as new. (3)使用省略(達(dá)到言簡(jiǎn)意賅的效果) ●If so，please keep quiet about it because we want to give him a surprise. Not only For one thing but also For

　　another are so well kept

　　(4)使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型(突出語(yǔ)意) ●______________________________________ affect the children’s healthy development. (5)使用倒裝句(增強(qiáng)說(shuō)服力) ●__________________________________________________a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish. (6)使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(提出建議，委婉表達(dá)，易于接受) ●She would have never thought a complete surprise was waiting for her. (7)使用with結(jié)構(gòu)(豐富句式) ●The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring，___________________________________________________． It is overprotection and too much care that Only when we match our words with actions can we make

　　with the sun shining and birds singing (8)使用狀語(yǔ)從句(強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)或句子) ●_______________________________，they were always available.　 (9)使用定語(yǔ)從句(表意豐富) ●However，I was busy preparing for my final exam at that time，__________________________________． (10)使用名詞性從句(體現(xiàn)扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)言功底) ●__________________________________________ children are the focus of families，shouldering the hope of their parents. Whenever I had difficulties which was of vital importance for me It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that

　　(11)使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞以及動(dòng)名詞的使用，可使句式多樣化) ●What’s worse，they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake，___________________________________________________． ●These days，________________________________ are not uncommon，______________________ life and the environment. totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby breaking traffic rules and littering causing serious harm to

　　(12)適當(dāng)使用名言警句 在寫作時(shí)，根據(jù)實(shí)際情況恰當(dāng)?shù)赜蒙弦粌删涿跃鋪?lái)點(diǎn)綴文章，不僅使文章顯得有深度，而且會(huì)提升文章的得分檔 次。寫作中常用的名言警句有： As a popular saying goes，“Every coin has two sides.”常言 道，“事物都有兩面性。” As a proverb says，“Rome was not built in a day.”常言道， “偉業(yè)非一日之功。” Where there is a will there is a way.有志者事竟成。 As a popular saying goes，“Facts speak louder than

　　words.”正如格言所說(shuō)，“事實(shí)勝于雄辯。” As is known to all，“No pains，no gains.”眾所周知，“不 勞則無(wú)獲。” It’ s no use crying over the spilt milk.覆水難收。 Look before you leap.三思而后行。 He who laughs last laughs best.誰(shuí)笑到最后，誰(shuí)就笑得最好。 As is known to all，“Easier said than done.”眾所周知， “說(shuō)起來(lái)容易做起來(lái)難。” One false step will make a great difference. 失之毫厘，謬以千 里。 A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.千里之 行，始于足下， Well begun is half done.良好的開(kāi)端是成功的一半。 A life without a friend is like a life without sun.人生沒(méi)有了朋 友，猶如生活沒(méi)有了陽(yáng)光。 A friend in need is a friend indeed.患難見(jiàn)真情。 Time and tide wait for no man.歲月不待人。 4．過(guò)渡自然，行文流暢：明確了文章的主題和中心后，我們就應(yīng)該用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞、恰當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)、合適的句型將要點(diǎn)擴(kuò)展成句，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)向文章。在高考書面表達(dá)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)指出，書面表達(dá)應(yīng)該注意“上下文的連貫性”，并能“有效地使用語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊”。此處所說(shuō)的連貫性，是指段與段、句與句之間以一種明晰的、合乎邏輯的順序組織與安排，做到在文意與結(jié)構(gòu)上層次分明，條理清楚，連貫流 暢。因此，為了增加文章的連貫性、邏輯性和可讀性，大家在寫作時(shí)要根據(jù)行文的需要，恰當(dāng)使用各類過(guò)渡詞、過(guò)渡句甚至過(guò)渡段來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)詞與詞、句與句、段與段之間的有效連接。 常用的過(guò)渡句式(黑體部分)： Also，do let me know if you need more information. Secondly，we should get up early to memorize idioms and useful expressions. Obviously，a good learning habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. What’s more，good books can help us to develop good characters. I lost my way in the forest and to make matters worse/what is worse，it became dark. In addition，we shouldn’t neglect that everyone wants a

　　friendly and peaceful society. Meanwhile/At the same time，I will regard it as my duty to

　　keep our environment clean and healthy. Take Beijing for example，it is one of the oldest cities in the

　　world. What is more serious is that we don’t cherish wildlife. As far as I am concerned，they stand for love，friendship and unity. Besides，I wish there wouldn’t be too many students in a class. Moreover，it seems that he always thinks more of himself than of others. Worse still，I took many falls off the bike. Second，go outdoors and play team games with your friends as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger. But unfortunately I mind my own business without considering my parents. However，not until the match was over did we realize that we became the loser. On the other hand，online shopping also has many disadvantages. On the contrary，the volunteers always claim that they are tired of the life on earth. Contrary to what I had originally said，the trip turned out to be fun. However，what amazes you most is the following new function. Otherwise we’ll have to answer for our selfishness sooner or later. But now because my left foot was injured，I cannot go with you as planned. 四、仔細(xì)檢查 短文完成后，一定要養(yǎng)成仔細(xì)檢查的好習(xí)慣，這是保證行文質(zhì)量的非常重要的步驟。我們?cè)跈z查時(shí)需要重點(diǎn)注意以下幾個(gè)方面： 1．格式、人稱是否正確。 2．內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)是否齊全。遺漏要點(diǎn)是要扣分的。因此，我們應(yīng)該重視每一個(gè)要點(diǎn)。 3．語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)是否出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。這也是我們檢查的主要方面之一。復(fù)查點(diǎn)主要包括：①主謂是否一致；②名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式、介詞的使用是否正確；③冠詞是否遺漏；④形容詞及副詞是否使用得當(dāng)；⑤句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整；⑥標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)、單詞的大小寫是否正確；⑦單詞拼寫是否正確；⑧詞數(shù)是否嚴(yán)重不足或者超出太多等等。檢查時(shí)，我們還應(yīng)該遵循如下原則：盡可能只對(duì)文章做小方面的改動(dòng)，對(duì)文章的構(gòu)思、寫作順序等大的方面盡量不要改動(dòng)。 五、規(guī)范謄寫 高考英語(yǔ)寫作評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中對(duì)書寫有較高的要求，尤其是現(xiàn)在英語(yǔ)作文都要進(jìn)行網(wǎng)上閱卷，如果書寫較差，會(huì)影響到掃描質(zhì)量。因此，考生在答卷時(shí)，一定要書寫清楚，字母大小勻 稱，單詞間距適當(dāng)，沒(méi)有明顯修改痕跡，以確保卷面干凈整 潔。在平日訓(xùn)練中，我們就應(yīng)該注重練好基本功，盡量避免因卷面不清而被扣分。 專題針 對(duì)訓(xùn)練 課堂達(dá) 標(biāo)訓(xùn)練 專題針 對(duì)訓(xùn)練 課堂達(dá) 標(biāo)訓(xùn)練 專題針 對(duì)訓(xùn)練 課堂達(dá) 標(biāo)訓(xùn)練 《考試大綱》明確要求：考生根據(jù)提示進(jìn)行書面表達(dá)。考生應(yīng)能：(1)準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法和詞匯；(2)使用一定的詞匯、句型，清楚、連貫地表達(dá)自己的意思。在課標(biāo)卷高考英語(yǔ)試卷中，英語(yǔ)作文是唯一一道主觀性試題，也是要求考生能夠根據(jù)試題提示使用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行書面表達(dá)，能夠有效地運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)清楚、連貫地傳遞信息，本題型旨在考查考生的英語(yǔ)運(yùn)用能力，考查考生使用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行遣詞造句、布局謀篇的能力。 一、命題特點(diǎn) 1．寫作體裁與知識(shí)的實(shí)際運(yùn)用密切結(jié)合。 近三年的新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷絕大部分為書信或電子郵件。這一應(yīng)用文體，在日常生活中使用較多，考生十分熟悉。寫作話題貼近實(shí)際生活，突出了對(duì)考生處理現(xiàn)實(shí)生活實(shí)際問(wèn)題的能力的考查。 2．突出考查考生的想象力和創(chuàng)新能力。 近三年的書面表達(dá)的寫作內(nèi)容都是來(lái)自于生活的真實(shí)情景。需要考生根據(jù)自身的生活閱歷展開(kāi)合理想象，創(chuàng)設(shè)合情合理的語(yǔ)境。 3．半開(kāi)放式已成主流。 近幾年來(lái)，新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷書面表達(dá)全部為半開(kāi)放式寫作。這種考查形式使考生不完全受“提示形式”和“內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)”的限制可以適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。但這同時(shí)也對(duì)考生的寫作能力提出了更高的要求。 二、命題預(yù)測(cè) 從高考書面表達(dá)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)看，2024年高考在體裁和題材上應(yīng)該保持相對(duì)穩(wěn)定，寫作類型及提示形式也不會(huì)有太大的變 化。考查考生的創(chuàng)新意識(shí)、思維拓展能力和文化素養(yǎng)的試題比重會(huì)有所增加。 (2024·高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)假定你是李華，你校英文報(bào)“外國(guó)文化”欄目擬刊登介紹美國(guó)節(jié)日風(fēng)俗和中學(xué)生生活的短文。請(qǐng)給美國(guó)朋友彼得寫信約稿，要點(diǎn)如下： 1．欄目介紹； 2．稿件內(nèi)容； 3．稿件長(zhǎng)度：約400詞； 4．交稿日期：6月28日前。 注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3．開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫好。 Dear Peter， I’d like to ask you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 【審題謀篇】 項(xiàng)目 結(jié)論 體裁 約稿信 話題 介紹美國(guó)節(jié)日風(fēng)俗和中學(xué)生生活 時(shí)態(tài) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 人稱 第二人稱 【遣詞造句】 1．詞匯 (1)拓寬我們的視野_____________________ (2)受……歡迎_________________ (3)另外_______________ (4)只要_____________ (5)渴望________________ broaden our horizons be popular with in addition as/so long as look forward to 2．句式 (1)最近，在我們學(xué)校非常受歡迎的校報(bào)欄目“外國(guó)文化”擬刊登介紹西方文化生活的文章。 一般表達(dá)：The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students.It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries. 高級(jí)表達(dá)：(用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句并適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)改寫上面的句子) _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Recently，in order to broaden our horizons，the “Foreign Cultures” section in our school newspaper，which is very popular among us students，will carry articles written by foreign friends about western life and culture. (2)我希望你能在6月28日前交稿。 一般表達(dá)：Could we have your article before June 28?

　　高級(jí)表達(dá)：(用狀語(yǔ)從句并適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)來(lái)改寫上面的句子) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope you would be so kind as to send it to us before June 28th，so that it can be published in time. 【美文呈現(xiàn)】 Dear Peter，

　　I’d like to ask you to write an article for our school’s English

　　newspaper. Recently，in order to broaden our horizons，the “Foreign Cultures” section in our school newspaper，which is very popular among us students，will carry articles written by foreign friends about western life and culture. Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States？And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals，and the life of American high school students.You can write anything relevant so long as it’s interesting and informative.400 words would be fine.I hope you would be so kind as to send it to us before June 28th，so that it can be published in time. Yours， Li Hua 書面表達(dá)題主要考查考生用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)自己思想的能力，即考查考生是否能用所學(xué)的英語(yǔ)知識(shí)，用合乎英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣的表達(dá)方式傳遞信息，進(jìn)行思想交流。這種測(cè)試既符合英語(yǔ)教學(xué)總目標(biāo)的要求，又與日常生活和社會(huì)交往密切相連，尤其突出了語(yǔ)言交際功能的特點(diǎn)。其解題方法如下： 一、審題立意 審題是做好書面表達(dá)的前提。做題前應(yīng)認(rèn)真分析材料，明確題目要求。 1．審文體：文體形式一般有記敘文、說(shuō)明文、議論文及各種應(yīng)用文(包括書信、通知、日記、便條等)，要注意不同文體在格式上的要求以及與漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)不同的地方。 2．審人稱：弄清書面表達(dá)要求用何種人稱，然后以合適的身 份、語(yǔ)氣，從適當(dāng)?shù)慕嵌冗M(jìn)行表達(dá)。 3．審時(shí)態(tài)：考生容易出錯(cuò)的就是時(shí)態(tài)。首先應(yīng)確定文章的主體時(shí)態(tài)。例如：日記一般使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，說(shuō)明文一般使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)等。當(dāng)然，為滿足寫作的需要，我們還要把其他時(shí)態(tài)與主體時(shí)態(tài)交叉使用。 4．審要求：考生要特別關(guān)注書面表達(dá)題中的“注意”一項(xiàng)，這是命題人對(duì)考生提出的具體答題要求，因此對(duì)于題目所提供的說(shuō)明，無(wú)論是英語(yǔ)還是漢語(yǔ)，都應(yīng)該認(rèn)真分析，反復(fù)推 敲，做到寫作時(shí)沒(méi)有偏差。 二、列出要點(diǎn) 高考書面表達(dá)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一是要點(diǎn)齊全。但在考場(chǎng)上，由于擔(dān)心時(shí)間不夠、緊張以及受不良答題習(xí)慣等因素的影響，不少考生答題心切，沒(méi)有認(rèn)真審題，導(dǎo)致所寫的文章要點(diǎn)殘 缺，詳略不當(dāng)，結(jié)構(gòu)不清。 拿到題目后，考生首先要整體把握本篇書面表達(dá)的中心內(nèi)容和重點(diǎn)是什么，要求最大篇幅是多少；其次要弄清哪些是次要信息，只需要交代一下；最后確定可以在哪里補(bǔ)充一些內(nèi) 容，以使文章內(nèi)容豐富，上下文連貫。具體來(lái)講，可以分以下三種情況。 1．提綱作文：命題人通過(guò)漢語(yǔ)、英語(yǔ)給定寫作提綱，要求考生根據(jù)給出的提綱，確定文章的中心，然后緊緊圍繞中心表達(dá)提綱的主旨。考生要細(xì)讀提示，認(rèn)真審題，在定好體裁、時(shí)態(tài)、人稱、明確信息全面、要點(diǎn)清晰的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)要點(diǎn)和重點(diǎn)詞匯的句法功能、句子的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，按照提示或說(shuō)明中所提供的事實(shí)和情節(jié)發(fā)展的順序選詞造句，然后將零散的句子排列成主謂一致、時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)、脈絡(luò)分明、合乎邏輯、內(nèi)容完整的短文。 2．看圖作文：這種類型的書面表達(dá)最容易遺漏要點(diǎn)。無(wú)論是單幅、雙幅還是多幅圖畫，考生一定要認(rèn)真研究圖畫中的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)或信息，這些都要在文章中有所體現(xiàn)。注意有些題目還會(huì)要求考生發(fā)表對(duì)該圖畫的看法，考生一定要根據(jù)題目要求和圖畫寓意表達(dá)出來(lái)。 3．(半)開(kāi)放作文：這種類型的書面表達(dá)往往分為兩種。一種是題目給出一段漢字，一種是給出一幅(組)漫畫，讓考生發(fā)表看法。這時(shí)，考生要緊扣文章提示，先對(duì)該現(xiàn)象或圖畫進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單扼要的描述或介紹，然后再據(jù)此發(fā)表議論。 三、遣詞造句 列好要點(diǎn)后就進(jìn)入寫作的實(shí)質(zhì)階段了，那就是提筆成文。提筆成文時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該注意的是： 1．開(kāi)頭出彩，結(jié)尾精妙：一般說(shuō)來(lái)，短文應(yīng)由三部分構(gòu)成——開(kāi)頭、正文、結(jié)尾。好的開(kāi)始是成功的一半，開(kāi)好頭、起好步對(duì)書面表達(dá)至關(guān)重要，好的開(kāi)頭會(huì)讓閱卷老師的眼睛為之一“亮”。開(kāi)頭常見(jiàn)的方式包括開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山、以俗語(yǔ)諺語(yǔ)或直接引語(yǔ)引出等，當(dāng)然也可以以疑問(wèn)句、套語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭。文章能否得高分，關(guān)鍵還要看結(jié)尾，好的結(jié)尾能起到畫龍點(diǎn)睛的作 用。文章的結(jié)尾應(yīng)根據(jù)不同體裁而定，或總結(jié)全文，或表明對(duì)所敘述的人或事的態(tài)度，適可而止，但千萬(wàn)不能草草收 場(chǎng)，結(jié)尾一定要顯得水到渠成。 常用開(kāi)頭句式(黑體部分)： First，I think everyone needs friends and is eager to get friendship. First of all，we must make full use of every 45-minute lesson. Nowadays/Recently，people in many big cities are complaining about the heavy traffic. In the first place，she can read at the rate of 100 words a minute. To begin with，smoking should be banned in public areas. Generally speaking，the more you practise，the more skillfully you can write in English. As the proverb says/As the saying goes，“Time is money.” As can be seen from the table，nearly everyone owns one

　　mobile phone in China. With the development of the Internet，computers play an

　　important role in people’s life. It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours. There is no denying that successful business lies in a healthy

　　body and mind. It is believed that health is above wealth. It is well known that an elephant is a very kind and gentle

　　animal. I’m excited to learn that we are going to start a magazine. I’m glad to hear that you will come to our school as an exchange student. As is known to all，shoes play an important role in our life，for it can protect our feet from being hurt. 常用結(jié)尾句式(黑體部分)： All in all，traveling is the best choice to recharge ourselves and get ready for the new challenges. In conclusion，a good citizen should observe traffic regulations. In a word，success is important，and so is failure，because it’s the mother of success. To sum up，environmental protection is of great importance，which can make us live more comfortably and healthily. On the whole，I find a bike more enjoyable than a motorcycle. I’d appreciate it if you could deliver them as soon as possible. It is high time that we did something to prevent the environment from being polluted. Only with combined efforts can we expect our hometown will take on a new look in the near future. We can，therefore，come to the conclusion that nothing is so precious as peace in the world. From what has been discussed above，we may draw the conclusion that you must have self-confidence if you want to achieve something. In short，not only has the inclusion poisoned Chinese，but it may also bring about distance between the Chinese people. In a word，my life will be much richer and more colorful. I’ll be glad if you can consider my recommendation. 2．表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確，用詞高級(jí)：高考評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中所說(shuō)的“應(yīng)用了較多的詞匯”，是指詞匯使用的多樣性，如詞性的多樣性、高級(jí)詞匯的使用、同義詞與反義詞的使用、短語(yǔ)的使用等。由此可知，運(yùn)用較高級(jí)詞匯對(duì)提高書面表達(dá)的得分檔次至關(guān)重要。使用高級(jí)詞匯的4 大原則：

　　(1)具體性原則 在具備一定詞匯量的條件下，具體的表達(dá)比泛泛而談的內(nèi)容更能引起讀者的共鳴。例如：當(dāng)描述一個(gè)具體事物或人時(shí)，類似a nice/good man的表達(dá)讓人感覺(jué)很空洞，我們可以用有個(gè)性的、具體的詞描繪一個(gè)人，如kind-hearted(好心的)；generous(慷慨的；大方的)；easy-going(隨和的)等。 ①I will have my own family probably with a lovely child. ②It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.