專題十七

　　書面表達

　　【命題趨勢探秘】

　　命題

　　規(guī)律考查內(nèi)容 考查度 ☆☆☆ ☆☆☆ ☆☆☆☆☆☆

　　所占分值

　　2—3分 2—3分

　　命題

　　趨勢2024·江西）

　　假定你是星光中學(xué)的高中畢業(yè)生李華，母校將為高一新生舉辦主題為“What to learn in senior high school?”的英語沙龍活動，特邀請你結(jié)合自身經(jīng)歷談?wù)勛约旱捏w會。請根據(jù)以下提示準備一份英語發(fā)言稿。

　　1.學(xué)會學(xué)習(xí)：方法，習(xí)慣等；

　　2.學(xué)會做人：真誠，友善；

　　3.學(xué)會其他：考生自擬。

　　注意：1.詞數(shù)120左右；

　　2.發(fā)言稿開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不須抄在答題卡上，不計入總次數(shù)。Good morning, everyone! It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on learning in senior high school.____________________________________________________________

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　　Thank you!

　　【范文】

　　Good morning, everyone! It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on learning in senior high school.

　　In the coming three years, our school life will be challenging. Firstly, we should learn to learn efficiently. Personally, I used to try effective methods to achieve my academic goals. Developing a good habit is also of importance. It really benefited me a lot to preview lessons, get actively involved in class, and review what had been taught after class.

　　In addition, we should learn how to get along well with others. In school, I respected teachers and was friendly with classmates. It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.

　　Finally, we should take part in sports and outdoor activities frequently. They were really helpful to build up my body and enrich my school life.

　　No pains, no gains. I am sure that with your great efforts, you will enjoy a colorful and harmonious environment.

　　That’s all.

　　Thank you!

　　重點詞匯和短語：challenging 挑戰(zhàn)性的

　　efficiently高效率地

　　get involved in參與

　　take part in參加

　　build up增強

　　高級句型：

　　1)It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.強調(diào)句式強調(diào)作狀語的介詞短語

　　2)I am sure that with your great efforts, you will enjoy a colorful and harmonious environment. that引導(dǎo)表語從句

　　【典例2】（2024·天津）

　　假設(shè)你是晨光中學(xué)高二(1)班的班長李津，得知美國學(xué)生Chris作為交換生，下學(xué)期將到你班學(xué)習(xí)。請你根據(jù)以下提示，給他寫封郵件：

　　(1)表示歡迎；

　　(2)介紹與本地生活相關(guān)的信息(如天氣、飲食等)；

　　(3)介紹本班情況；

　　(4)希望Chris做哪些事情，以增進中美學(xué)生之間的了解和友誼。

　　注意：

　　(1)請勿提及與考生相關(guān)的真實信息。

　　(2)可適當加入細節(jié)， 使內(nèi)容充實，行文連貫。

　　(3)詞數(shù)不少于100； 開頭已給出， 不計入總詞數(shù)。

　　(4)參考詞匯：交換生 exchange student

　　Dear Chris,

　　I’m Li Jin, monitor of Class One, Grade Eleven. ____________________________________

　　_______________________________________________________________________________

　　_______________________________________________________________________________

　　Yours,

　　Li Jin

　　【范文】

　　’m Li Jin, monitor of Class One, Grade Eleven. I’m more than glad to know that you’re coming to be with us as an exchange student this coming term. In fact, all my classmates are kind and look forward to your coming, and are willing to accept you as one of us.

　　Besides, I hope that you’ll have no difficulty adapting to the food and weather here. It is generally not too hot in summer here and we have relatively warm winter, compared to that in America. We have rice and noodles as our main food, which I hope you’ll like.

　　Indeed, we feel excited in having you as our new classmates. For one thing, through daily contact we can have a better knowledge of Chinese and American cultures and social customs. In addition, we view this as a good chance for us to improve our English.

　　Hope to receive you soon as one of us.

　　Yours,

　　Li Jin

　　重點短語：more than，look forward to，be willing to，have (no) difficulty (in)doing sth，adapt to，compare…to，have a good knowledge of等。

　　高級句型：1)I’m more than glad to know that you’re coming to be with us as an exchange student this coming term. 使用了more than，that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，以及現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來動作；

　　2)It is generally not too hot in summer here and we have relatively warm winter, compared to that in America.使用了and連接并列句，過去分詞短語作狀語，that表替代

　　3)For one thing, through daily contact we can have a better knowledge of Chinese and American cultures and social customs. 這個單句使用了過渡詞語，短語have a good knowledge of以及形容詞比較級。

　　【技巧點撥】

　　1.提綱類記敘文的寫作中，要注意下面幾個方面：

　　1)注意文章的體裁、格式、時態(tài)等，迅速組織寫作素材。如果是半開放式的提示，則要求結(jié)合自己熟悉的生活或話題展開敘述；

　　2)注意領(lǐng)會提綱的含義，不能遺漏提綱要點，在展開敘述的時候也不能離題太遠，要做到能展開，也能迅速收攏。

　　3)注意正確運用時態(tài)和人稱。

　　2.說明文的寫作一般來說大致可分為三個部分：第一部分提出主題，要闡述、說明的主要內(nèi)容；第二部分對文章的主題進行展開說明；第三部分對文章的主題作歸納總結(jié)。在文章開始時提出需要說明的東西和觀點，然后用first，second，…and finally加以羅列說明舉例法用具體的例子來說明我們要表達的意思，常用for example，for instance，still another example is…等詞語引出 比較法對兩個對象進行比較，從而進行說明的寫作手法比較相同點和比較不同點兩種方法在比較相同點的時候，常用到similarly，also，too，in the same case，in spite of the difference等這樣的詞語however，on the other hand，in contrast，but，nevertheless等表示轉(zhuǎn)折的詞語常用來引導(dǎo)對不同點的比較….(在某方面). In…, there were …But by last year, the number of…h(huán)ad reached up to…(達到多少).

　　2. It can be clearly seen from the chart that the average number of…h(huán)as reached…, with a rise of 20% for the past/last five years.

　　3. We can see from the chart that there is a tendency toward…, and the number of people who…h(huán)as dropped/risen/increased from…to…, with an annual increase of…

　　第二段：說明原因

　　Several reasons may account for/have contributed to/lead to/have caused such changes/tendency. For one thing/To begin with…For another thing/What’s more…Finally…

　　第三段：陳述自己的看法

　　1.In my opinion,…

　　2. Therefore, it goes without saying that…

　　As is revealed/shown in the chart/diagram, there has been a sharp increase/decrease in the…From the sharp increase/decrease in the chart, it goes without saying that…

　　There are at least two reasons that account for this…On one hand,…on the other hand…. …is due to the fact that…In addition,…is responsible for…There may be some other reasons for…But it’s generally believed that the reasons mentioned are commonly convincing.

　　As far as I’m concerned, I hold the view that …

　　【典例1】（2024·廣東·基礎(chǔ)習(xí)作你接受一項寫作任務(wù)，要為當?shù)赜⒄Z晚報寫一篇報道。寫作內(nèi)容請根據(jù)以下信息寫一篇英文報道，內(nèi)容包括：人物：英國人查理德·阿維斯Richard Avis)

　　出生日期：1974年12月1日

　　：2011年開始在世界各地尋找同年同月同日生的人

　　目的：理解不同文化中成功人生的含義

　　相關(guān)信息：

　　●借助當?shù)孛襟w尋找

　　●迄今找到32名，其中男性17名，女性15名，來自13個國家

　　●職業(yè)包括政府官員、運動員、司機、教師、藝術(shù)家等

　　●計劃40歲生日前找到40位同年同月同日生的人●打算根據(jù)此經(jīng)歷寫一本書 ★注：同年同月同日生的人：time twin

　　寫作要求只能用5個句子表達全部內(nèi)容

　　評分標準句子結(jié)構(gòu)準確，信息內(nèi)容完整，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)連貫。___________________________________________________________________________

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　　【范文】

　　對于不同類型的圖表，考生做到對圖表描述的關(guān)鍵心中有數(shù)。包括圖表的類型、表示數(shù)據(jù)變化趨勢的動詞和名詞（如上升、下降、持平、波動等）、表示變化程度的副詞和對應(yīng)的形容詞。句型上包括：圖表寫作的描述段（即開篇段落的句型表達）、表達對比、描述趨勢等。一些圖表寫作特有的問題，如突出圖表描述的重點、準確描述總趨勢、注意時態(tài)使用（圖表中經(jīng)常有不同的年份信息）詞匯和句式表達力求多變。情景作文假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三（1）班的學(xué)生李華，請按照以下四幅圖的先后順序，用英文寫一篇周記記述爸爸出差期間，媽媽生病，你照顧她的過程。

　　注意：1.周記的開頭已經(jīng)為你寫好 詞數(shù)不少于60________________________________________________________________

　　_______________________________________________________________________________

　　______________________________________________________________________________

　　【范文】

　　Last Monday, my father said goodbye to my mother and me and went on a business trip. He would be away for three days. Just the next morning I found my mother wasn’t feeling well. She had a cold. I immediately went to get her some medicine and then prepared some noodles for her. With my special care, my mother recovered quickly. When my father came back home, my mother told him what had happened. He praised me for what I had done.

　　I feel very happy that I have done something for my mother.

　　重點短語：go on a trip出門；遠行 prepare sth. for sb.為某人準備某物come back回來

　　高級句型：

　　1) When my father came back home, my mother told him what had happened. when引導(dǎo)狀語從句和what引導(dǎo)名詞從句

　　2) I feel very happy that I have done something for my mother.that引導(dǎo)賓語從句

　　【技巧點撥】

　　一．看圖作文記敘文的寫作

　　對于記敘文的看圖作文，考生要仔細讀圖，弄清各圖之間的聯(lián)系，確定寫作要點，并注意把握或拓展故事的時間線索，在審題時注意明確時態(tài)、人稱、故事的發(fā)展等各環(huán)節(jié)，并且要列出相關(guān)的文字提綱，將圖畫內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)化為文字材料，這樣更有利于有條理地展開敘述。

　　【2】（201 請根據(jù)你對以下兩幅圖的理解以“Actions Speak Louder than Words”為題用英語寫一篇作文。

　　參考詞匯: banner (橫幅) stump (樹樁)你的作文應(yīng)包括以下內(nèi)容1. 簡要描述兩幅圖的內(nèi)容2. 概述你對兩幅圖中不同做法的理解3. 舉例說明兩幅圖對你的啟示。注意1.可參照圖片適當發(fā)揮2.作文詞數(shù)150 左右3.作文中不得提及有關(guān)考生個人身份的任何信息如校名、人名等。

　　Actions Speak Louder than Words

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　　【范文】

　　Actions Speak Louder than Words

　　People celebrate Earth Day differently. In Picture 1, a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps, but in vain, while Picture 2 shows a couple happily planting trees.

　　The message conveyed here is clear: “Actions speak louder than words.” Our earth is suffering severe damage. Should we just pay lip service or take practical measures to protect it? The answer is definitely the latter. Immediate actions should be taken, like stopping cutting down trees, to better the environment.

　　Actions are important in other fields, too. Instead of shouting empty slogans, it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need. We should strictly and voluntarily follow traffic rules, stopping at the red light rather than complaining about traffic jams. Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.

　　重點短語：put up a banner豎起一面旗子

　　suffer severe damage遭受嚴重破壞

　　take practical measures采取實際措施

　　better the environment優(yōu)化環(huán)境

　　donate books捐贈書籍

　　follow traffic rules遵守交通規(guī)則

　　高級句型：

　　1. In Picture 1, a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps, but in vain, while Picture 2 shows a couple happily planting trees. while連接并列句

　　2.Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish. when引導(dǎo)狀語從句，whatever引導(dǎo)名詞從句，倒裝句式

　　【技巧點撥】

　　二.看圖作文議論文的寫作框架

　　“三段式”作文是最理想的此類議論文的結(jié)構(gòu)，具體的布局謀篇為：

　　1.第一段開門見山地敘述圖畫內(nèi)容，此時一定要密切圍繞圖畫展開敘述，交代圖畫中的人物、(地點、時間)、干什么；

　　2.第二段提出文章的主題，提出論點，圍繞圖畫和主題展開敘述。此時要注意有條理地，一步步地展開敘述，而不要試圖在一句話里涵蓋太多信息，做到文理清晰，過渡自然。此時要注意把握句與句、段與段之間的連接方式。

　　3.最后一段，得出結(jié)論。此時可以用下面這些方式來結(jié)束文章：

　　(1)用幾句話概括全文內(nèi)容，進一步肯定文章的中心思想；

　　(2)引用格言、名言等總結(jié)全文，這樣更顯得有說服力；

　　(3)結(jié)合自己或自己身邊的事例，發(fā)表自己的看法。

　　◇考點4開放類作文

　　【基礎(chǔ)知識梳理】

　　與傳統(tǒng)的“控制性作文”相比，開放式作文所給提示比較簡略，要求學(xué)生根據(jù)所給圖畫進行簡單描述后闡述自己的看法。學(xué)生在寫作時要充分發(fā)揮想象力和創(chuàng)造力，自己拓展主題，組織篇章結(jié)構(gòu)。請根據(jù)以下提示，用英語寫一篇短文You cannot choose what you are given, but you can choose how you make use of it.

　　2.議論抒懷，如：請結(jié)合材料，按要求用英文寫作。A mother said, “My son is always on the phone, sleeping, out with his friends. or in his room. He never has time to talk to me.”May 31, No Smoking Day, is drawing near. Now what do you want to say to the smokers to help them get rid of the bad habit?

　　4. 設(shè)計活動，如：You are talking with one of your close friends about your plans for the summer vacation. You say to him, “I’m going to enjoy myself in the summer vacation.” He asks, “what exactly are you going to do to have fun?”

　　5. 解釋原因，如：Tell your friends why you are looking forward to the weekend.

　　6. 發(fā)表評論，如：In your English class, you are asked to describe the following picture and explain