Module 3　Body Language and Non-verbal Communication

　　1．____________ n.交流；溝通→____________ vi.（用語(yǔ)言、信號(hào)）傳遞信息；交流

　　2．____________ adj.無(wú)意的；不知不覺(jué)的→____________ adj.意識(shí)到的；自覺(jué)的

　　3．____________ adj.正式的→____________ adj.非正式的

　　4．____________ adj.恐嚇的；具有威脅的→____________ vt.威脅；恐嚇→____________ n.威脅

　　5．____________ vt.包括→____________ adj.有關(guān)系的；復(fù)雜的

　　6．____________ n.宗教→____________ adj.宗教的

　　7．____________ n.邀請(qǐng)→____________ vt.邀請(qǐng)

　　8．____________ n.表演；演出→____________ n.表演者→____________ vt.表演；執(zhí)行

　　9．____________ n.判斷；意見(jiàn)→____________ vt.判斷

　　10．____________ adj.社會(huì)的→__________ adv.社會(huì)地→____________ n.社會(huì)

　　1．I am very ____________（意識(shí)到的）of the problems involved.

　　2．Solar energy can ____________（延長(zhǎng)）the life of the lithium batteries used to power the bus by 35 percent.

　　3．People use more than words when they ____________（交流）with each other.

　　4．Mid-Autumn Festival is ____________（傳統(tǒng)地）a time for family reunions in China.

　　5．He has an ____________（挑釁性的）manner.

　　6．We should promote ____________（平等）and democracy in international relations.

　　7．It's too soon to make a ____________（判斷）about what the outcome will be.

　　8．The orchestra will give two more ____________（表演）this week.

　　9．He was ____________（凝視）into the distance.

　　10．Shortly afterwards，Dawson received an ____________（邀請(qǐng)）to speak at a scientific conference.

　　1．____________（保持）警惕

　　2．____________（與某人）握手

　　3．____________ 達(dá)成協(xié)議；做成交易

　　4．__________ 舉起

　　5．____________ 暴露（自己的情況）

　　6．____________ 舉起；抬高；吊起

　　7．____________ 一上一下地；前前后后地；來(lái)回地

　　8．____________ 偶然地；意外地；無(wú)意中

　　1．Indeed，body positions are part of ________________.

　　確實(shí)，身體的姿勢(shì)是我們稱(chēng)之為“身勢(shì)語(yǔ)”的組成部分。

　　句型提煉：“call＋賓語(yǔ)＋名詞/代詞（作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）”結(jié)構(gòu)意為“把……叫做、稱(chēng)作……”。

　　2．In Russia，you should make a toast ____________ you take a sip from your glass.

　　在俄國(guó)，你每一次從杯子里抿一小口時(shí)，都要祝酒干杯。

　　句型提煉：every time可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于whenever，意為“每次；每當(dāng)”。

　　3．But we don't clap at the end of a television programme or a book，________________.

　　但是，在一個(gè)電視節(jié)目或一本書(shū)結(jié)束時(shí)，無(wú)論它們多么精彩我們都不鼓掌。

　　句型提煉：however可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于no matter how，表示“無(wú)論如何；不管多么”。

　　1．involve vt.包含；包括；需要；涉及；允許（某人）參加

　　①The strike involved many people.許多人參加了這次罷工。

　　②Try to involve as many children as possible in the game.

　　盡量讓更多的孩子參與游戲。

　　用法拓展involved adj. 復(fù)雜的；有關(guān)的

　　involvement n. 包括；包含；牽涉

　　be involved in 參與；牽涉進(jìn)；陷入；專(zhuān)注于

　　He was involved in writing his doctoral dissertation.

　　他在聚精會(huì)神地寫(xiě)他的博士論文。

　　反饋1（2024福建福州三中月考，22）“Neal，listen，” she said，looking straight at him. “I ask you not to get ______ in this kind of matter.It's none of your business.”

　　A．caught　 　B．involved

　　C．a(chǎn)ttached

　　D．connected

　　2．request n.& vt.請(qǐng)求；要求

　　①He ignored the neighbours' requests that he（should）make so much noise.

　　他無(wú)視鄰居們要他別那么吵鬧的要求。

　　②John immediately requested that he（should）reconsider his decision.

　　約翰立即要求他重新考慮他的決定。

　　用法拓展request sth.from/of sb./request sb. to do sth.請(qǐng)求某人做某事

　　at sb's request/at the request of sb.應(yīng)某人的請(qǐng)求

　　on/upon request 一經(jīng)請(qǐng)求

　　by request應(yīng)……要求（請(qǐng)求）

　　request that...（從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣）

　　①An application form will be sent to you on request.

　　申請(qǐng)表格承索即寄。

　　②I requested him to come before ten.我要求他十點(diǎn)以前來(lái)。

　　③He was there at the request of his manager.

　　他按照經(jīng)理的要求到了那里。

　　反饋2.1 The singer sang one more song at the ______ of enthusiastic fans.

　　A．command

　　B．recognition

　　C．request

　　D．service

　　反饋2.2 All club members are requested ______ the annual meeting.

　　A．a(chǎn)ttending

　　B．to attend

　　C．for attending

　　D．to be attended

　　反饋2.3 There is a request that the room ______ after being used.

　　A．be cleaned

　　B．would be cleaned

　　C．is cleaned

　　D．will be cleaned

　　3．hold up舉起；抬起；阻擋；使……停頓

　　①I(mǎi) held up my hand to show that I had a question.

　　我舉手表示有問(wèn)題要問(wèn)。

　　②Traffic was held up for several hours by the accident.

　　那起事故造成了長(zhǎng)達(dá)幾個(gè)小時(shí)的交通堵塞。

　　③The work was held up by bad weather.

　　由于天氣不好，這項(xiàng)工作被耽擱下來(lái)了。

　　用法拓展hold back阻擋；忍住；抑制（情感、情緒）

　　hold out堅(jiān)持下去；抵抗，抵御

　　hold one's view持有……的觀點(diǎn)

　　hold one's breath屏住呼吸

　　hold on堅(jiān)持下去；抓住……不放；請(qǐng)等一下（電話用語(yǔ)）

　　①Will the water supply hold out through the whole summer?

　　供水能維持整個(gè)夏天嗎？

　　②He held on to the rock to stop himself slipping.

　　他緊緊抓住巖石以免自己往下滑。

　　反饋3.1 We are afraid that the continuing violence could ______ progress towards reform.

　　A．hold up

　　B．hold off

　　C．hold out

　　D．hold on

　　反饋3.2（2024安徽亳州二中月考，23）—Jack，this is the third time that you ______ late this week.

　　—Sorry，sir，but I was ______ for 15 minutes on the way here in the traffic jam.

　　A．have been；held up

　　B．a(chǎn)re；put up

　　C．were；taken up

　　D．had been；given up

　　反饋3.3 ______ a moment and I will go to your rescue.

　　A．Go on

　　B．Hold on

　　C．Move on

　　D．Carry on

　　4．Indeed，body positions are part of what_we_call_“body_language”．

　　確實(shí)，身體的姿勢(shì)是我們稱(chēng)之為“身勢(shì)語(yǔ)”的組成部分。

　　“call＋賓語(yǔ)＋名詞/代詞（作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）”結(jié)構(gòu)意為“把……叫做、稱(chēng)作……”。

　　People called Picasso “the youngest painter in the world”．

　　人們稱(chēng)畢加索為世界上最年輕的畫(huà)家。

　　用法拓展接賓語(yǔ)后再接名詞、代詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有call/make/elect/choose/appoint/name/consider等。

　　①M(fèi)arx made London the base for his revolutionary work.

　　馬克思把倫敦作為他進(jìn)行革命工作的根據(jù)地。

　　②We elected Tom our monitor.我們選湯姆當(dāng)我們的班長(zhǎng)。

　　反饋4.1 —Who called me this morning when I was out?

　　—A man ______ himself Mr Wang.

　　A．called

　　B．calling

　　C．calls

　　D．call

　　反饋4.2（2024河北衡水中學(xué)三模，28）Mr Frank asked me a question ______ I could go with him to ______ he called the Treasure House the next week.

　　A．what；which

　　B．whether；that

　　C．whether；what

　　D．that；where

　　5．In Russia，you should make a toast every_time you take a sip from your glass.

　　在俄國(guó)，你每一次從杯子里抿一小口時(shí)，都要祝酒干杯。

　　every time起從屬連詞的作用，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于whenever，意為“每次；每當(dāng)”。

　　①Every time she moved her leg，she let out a moan.

　　每次她動(dòng)一下腿，就發(fā)出一聲呻吟。

　　②My poor spelling annoys me every time I try to write something.

　　每當(dāng)我想寫(xiě)些什么的時(shí)候，我糟糕的拼寫(xiě)就會(huì)使我惱火。

　　用法拓展能夠起從屬連詞作用、引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的名詞詞組有every time/each time/the minute/the moment等，另外副詞immediately/instantly/directly等也可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　①Each time he comes to Beijing，he stays with us.

　　他每次來(lái)北京，都和我們住在一起。

　　②He told me the news immediately he saw me.

　　他一看到我，就把消息告訴了我。

　　反饋5.1（2024安徽黃山七校聯(lián)考，24）______ Kobe visits China，he receives a warm welcome from his Chinese fans.

　　A．Every time

　　B．When every time

　　C．By every time

　　D．For every time

　　反饋5.2（2024新疆烏魯木齊八中月考，7）Each time ______ they met，they would talk long hours together.

　　A．which

　　B．when

　　C．during

　　D．不填

　　6．But we don't clap at the end of a television programme or a book，however_good_they_are.

　　但是，在一個(gè)電視節(jié)目或一本書(shū)結(jié)束時(shí)，無(wú)論它們多么精彩我們都不鼓掌。

　　該句中however引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。however用作從屬連詞時(shí)，相當(dāng)于no matter how，表示“無(wú)論如何；不管多么”，后接形容詞或副詞，從句不倒裝。

　　However hard he worked at his lessons，he just couldn't pass the test.

　　不論他多么努力地學(xué)習(xí)功課，他就是通不過(guò)考試。

　　用法拓展whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/however等由“疑問(wèn)詞＋-ever”構(gòu)成的詞相當(dāng)于no matter what/who/which/when/where/how，意為“不管……；無(wú)論……”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　①No matter what/Whatever you do，you must do it well.

　　無(wú)論你做什么都必須把它做好。

　　②No matter who/Whoever she is，she will have to wait.

　　不管她是誰(shuí)，她都必須等。

　　③It has the same result no matter which/whichever way you do it.

　　無(wú)論你用什么方法來(lái)做，結(jié)果都一樣。

　　易混辨析“no matter...”結(jié)構(gòu)與“-ever”結(jié)構(gòu)

　　“no matter...”結(jié)構(gòu) 只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 No matter when/Whenever I go to see him，he is always busy with his work.

　　無(wú)論何時(shí)我去看他，他總是忙于工作。

　　No matter where/Wherever you go，I will follow you.

　　你走到哪里，我跟到哪里。

　　“-ever”結(jié)構(gòu) whenever/wherever/however也只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；但whatever/whoever/whichever既可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，又可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。 It is considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.

　　無(wú)論孩子要什么都給，這是不明智的。

　　Whoever leaves last must lock the door.

　　不管誰(shuí)最后離開(kāi)都必須鎖門(mén)。

　　You may choose whichever you like.

　　你喜歡哪個(gè)就挑哪個(gè)。

　　反饋6.1（2024山東濰坊高密5月適應(yīng)，24）You should report any incident，______ minor it is.

　　A．whatever

　　B．whenever

　　C．however

　　D．wherever

　　反饋6.2 ______ I called，his wife would answer the phone.

　　A．However

　　B．Whenever

　　C．Whatever

　　D．Whichever

　　反饋6.3 If we work hard，we can overcome any difficulty，______ difficulty it is.

　　A．what

　　B．how

　　C．whatever

　　D．however

　　反饋6.4 ______ is responsible for this will be punished.

　　A．Whoever

　　B．Those who

　　C．Anyone whom

　　D．No matter who

　　反饋6.5 We'll find him，______ he is.

　　A．whoever

　　B．wherever

　　C．whatever

　　D．however

　　反饋6.6（2024黑龍江哈師大附中月考，31）______ difficult and challenging the task may be，we must finish it on time，because there is a possibility ______ we'll be fired if we can't fulfill the task on time.

　　A．Whatever；that

　　B．However；that

　　C．Whatever；which

　　D．However；as

　　基礎(chǔ)梳理整合

　　詞匯拓展

　　1．communication；communicate　2．unconscious；conscious　3．formal；informal　4．threatening；threaten；threat　5．involve；involved　6．religion；religious　7．invitation；invite　8．performance；performer；perform　9．judgement；judge　10．social；socially；society

　　語(yǔ)境記詞

　　1．conscious　2．prolong　3．communicate　4．traditionally　5．a(chǎn)ggressive　6．equality　7．judgement　8．performances　9．staring　10．invitation

　　短語(yǔ)回顧

　　1．on guard　2．shake hands（with sb.）　3．make a deal　4．hold up　5．give away　6．lift up　7．up and down　8．by accident

　　典句分析

　　1．what we call “body language”　2．every time　3．however good they are

　　考點(diǎn)歸納拓展

　　1 B　根據(jù)句意和語(yǔ)境判斷應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)get involved in意為“卷入；牽涉進(jìn)”。

　　2.1 C　command意為“命令”；recognition意為“認(rèn)可”；request意為“請(qǐng)求”；service意為“服務(wù)”。C項(xiàng)符合句意，at the request of表示“在……的請(qǐng)求下”。

　　2.2 B　句意：要求所有的俱樂(lè)部成員都要出席年會(huì)。request sb.to do sth.意為“要求某人做某事”，故選B項(xiàng)。

　　2.3 A　該題request后面為that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用（should）do的形式，所以答案為A項(xiàng)。

　　【特別提醒】名詞request后面的同位語(yǔ)從句也用虛擬語(yǔ)氣should do的形式，其中should可省略。

　　3.1 A　hold up意為“阻擋”；hold off意為“拖延”；hold out意為“伸出；維持”；hold on意為“堅(jiān)持；等一等”。句意：我們擔(dān)心持續(xù)的暴亂會(huì)阻擋改革的進(jìn)程。