Unit 2　The environment

　　1．____________ n. 經濟（情況）；經濟體→____________ adj. 經濟的，經濟學的

　　2．____________ n.顧問→____________ vt.咨詢，商榷

　　3．____________ v. 生產→____________ n. 生產→____________ n. 產品

　　4．____________ adj.貪婪的，貪心的→____________ n. 貪婪，貪心

　　5．____________ n. 責任，職責→____________ adj. 負責的

　　6．____________ n. 看法；信念→____________ v.相信，認為

　　7．____________ n. 環境→____________ adj. 環境的

　　8．____________ v.動手術，經營→____________ n.操作，經營

　　9．____________ v.&n. 愿意，意志→____________ adj.樂意的，愿意的

　　10．____________ n. 到來，抵達；到達者→____________ vi. 到達

　　11．____________ adj. 合法的→____________ adj. 非法的→____________ adv. 非法地

　　12．____________ v.使印象深刻→____________ n. 印象，效果→____________ adj.給人以深刻印象的

　　13．____________ vt. 欣賞，贊賞；感謝；領會→____________ n. 欣賞，鑒賞；感謝；領會

　　14．____________ adj. 電的，用電的→____________ n. 電→____________ adj.電子的

　　15．____________ vt. 吸收，理解；使全神貫注→____________ adj. 全神貫注的

　　1．Young people are supposed to take the r____________ of looking after their senior.

　　2．We d____________ whether to fly or go by train，and finally decided to take the train.

　　3．I quite a____________ the novel.It's well written.

　　4．The doctors and nurses in that hospital show much c____________ for every patient.

　　5．After World War I the use of force to settle c____________ was prohibited.

　　6．The Yellow River ____________（流）right across China to the Yellow Sea.

　　7．How can children ____________（循環使用）paper every day，in your opinion?

　　8．Most parents are ____________（愿意）to spend more money to send their children to a suitable school.

　　9．The workers are making every ____________（努力）to overfulfil this year's plan.

　　10．The number of road accidents and the deaths arising from the accidents has ____________（減少）greatly over the past year.

　　1．____________ the floor 自由發言

　　2．cut back ____________ 削減，減少

　　3．use ____________ 用盡

　　4．run ____________（of）用完，耗盡

　　5．be worried ____________擔心

　　6．____________ a result 因此

　　7．take steps ____________ do 采取措施做……

　　8．clean ____________ 打掃干凈

　　9．queue ____________ 排隊等候

　　10．pick ____________找出，挑選

　　11．____________ danger 處于危險中

　　12．____________ way在進行中

　　13．____________ regard to 關于，至于

　　14．let ____________ 排放

　　15．____________ particular 尤其，特別

　　16．do one's ____________ 盡自己的職責

　　17．ask ____________ 四處打聽

　　18．be concerned ____________ 對……關心，擔心

　　1．The world's population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.

　　目前世界人口與1800年相比已經增長到那時的6倍。

　　句型提煉：倍數表達法：A is...times as...as B（原級）；A is...times...than B（比較級）；A is...times the size（length，height，width...）of B（形容詞對應的名詞形式）；A is...times what＋從句。

　　2．It is our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.

　　我們應當盡量削減生產，減少產量和采購量，這是我們的責任。

　　句型提煉：句中it作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式。it作形式主語，沒有具體意義，把真正的主語移至句子末尾，以避免句子頭重腳輕。

　　3．Upon the arrival of spring，beautiful birds would sing happily in the park.

　　一到春天，美麗的鳥兒就會在公園里歡快地唱歌。

　　句型提煉：upon one's arrival/return；upon doing sth.表“一……就……”。

　　4．I like it when you told that joke.

　　我喜歡你講那個笑話。

　　句型提煉：動詞like，dislike，enjoy，hate，appreciate等詞，當它們后面接if或者when引導的從句時，要在從句前加上it。

　　5．There is no doubt that the world climate has been changing in recent years.

　　無疑，最近幾年世界氣候一直在變化。

　　句型提煉：There is no doubt about sth./that...為固定句型。

　　1．operate vi.（機器）運轉，（藥等）起作用；vt. 操作，實施，管理

　　operate a business 經營一家企業

　　operate on/upon sb./sp.給某人（或某部位）動手術

　　operate sb.on/upon sp.給某人某個部位動手術

　　①Have you ever been operated on？你動過手術嗎？

　　②How does the machine operate？這臺機器運轉怎樣？

　　③The medicine began to operate at once.藥立刻開始見效。

　　④It's not difficult to operate a lift.開電梯不難。

　　⑤The project is operated by the women of the area.

　　這個項目由該地區的婦女負責實施。

　　⑥All the Disney Parks are operated（run，managed）by the same company.

　　所有的迪斯尼公園都是由同一家公司管理的。

　　The doctor will operate on her leg tomorrow.＝The doctor will operate her on the leg tomorrow.醫生明天給她的腿動手術。

　　The patient needs to be operated on the head.＝The patient needs an operation on the head.

　　那病人頭部需要動手術。（注：on the head 不能說成 on his head.）

　　反饋1.1The company ______ three factories and a coal mine.Which of the following answers can NOT be filled in the blank?

　　A．runs　

　　B．operates

　　C．manages

　　D．organizes

　　反饋1.2The college ______ a summer course for foreign students.

　　A．works

　　B．functions

　　C．operates

　　D．does

　　反饋1.3When do you think the patient can be operated ______ the tumor?

　　A．on for

　　B．for

　　C．upon with

　　D．on

　　2．quantity n.量，數量

　　a great，large，good，small quantity of 大量/少量的……

　　in quantity/in（large）quantities 大量地，大批地

　　①There is a small quantity of water left in the bottle.

　　瓶子里還剩下少量的水。

　　②She has quantities of good clothes.她有許多好衣服。

　　用法歸納1）“a large/small quantity of＋不可數名詞或可數名詞復數”表示“大量的/少量的……”，也可以用“large/small quantities of＋不可數名詞或可數名詞復數”來表達。

　　2）a quantity of后接不可數名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數；后接可數名詞復數形式時，謂語動詞用單數或復數都可以；而quantities of后同樣可接不可數名詞或可數名詞的復數形式，謂語則用復數。

　　①A large quantity of water is stored in the reservoir.水庫貯存了大量的水。

　　②Great quantities of sand were washed down the hillside by the rain.

　　雨水把大量的泥沙沖下山坡。

　　反饋2.1As a result of destroying the forests，a large ______ of desert ______ covered the farmland.

　　A．number；has

　　B．quantity；has

　　C．number；have

　　D．quantity；have

　　反饋2.2With more forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth ______ each year.

　　A．is washing away

　　B．is being washed away

　　C．are washing away

　　D．are being washed away

　　3．clean up vt.& vi.打掃，清掃，把……弄干凈（后接賓語時，既可接“臟東西”也可接“弄臟了的地方”）；（警方或政府當局）整肅/整頓（某地或某領域或某部門或不當行為或犯罪行為）

　　①Cleaners are busy cleaning up the litter left by holiday-makers on the beach.

　　清潔工正在忙著清掃度假者扔在海灘上的垃圾。

　　②Clean up the table after eating，please.

　　吃完東西后請把餐桌弄干凈。

　　③Since the report of the scandal，the authorities have tried to clean up football.

　　自從這個丑聞被報道后，政府當局就一直盡力整肅足球界。

　　④With the public complaining more about robberies and gang crimes，the police are considering cleaning up the streets.

　　由于公眾對搶劫和黑幫暴力犯罪的怨言愈來愈多，警方在考慮對街頭秩序進行整頓。

　　反饋3.1Let's ______ the broken glass before someone walks on it.

　　A．clear up

　　B．clean up

　　C．put up

　　D．tidy up

　　反饋3.2We don't want to see any more online rumor or porn.It's just time to ______ the Internet.

　　A．clear up

　　B．clear away

　　C．clean up

　　D．clean away

　　4．measure vt.& vi. 測量，給……量尺寸，有……長（寬、高、重）　n.[C]尺寸，措施，量具

　　take measures 采取措施

　　by measure 按尺寸

　　make sth.to sb.'s measure 照某人的尺寸做某物

　　①Did you measure the distance between those two development areas?

　　你們測量了那兩個開發區之間的距離了嗎？

　　②A clock measures time.

　　鐘是用來計量時間的。

　　③Mrs Smith picked up a ruler and measured carefully.

　　史密斯夫人拿起尺子仔細量了量。

　　④This room measures 5 metres across.

　　這間屋子寬五米。

　　⑤The apartment building measures 80m by 20m by 60m.

　　這個公寓樓長80米，寬20米，高60米。

　　反饋4.1 I don't trust them in that shop；they give you short ______.

　　A．lengthen

　　B．metre

　　C．measure

　　D．wide

　　反饋4.2What measures were ______ to reduce the air pollution in that area then?

　　A．acted

　　B．taken

　　C．given

　　D．done

　　反饋4.3The suitcase，______ 55 centimeters in length，is now allowed in the luggage compartment.

　　A．measured

　　B．measures

　　C．to measure

　　D．measuring

　　5．appreciate vt.理解；欣賞；感激，感謝

　　appreciation n.欣賞；感激

　　appreciative adj.有欣賞力的；表示賞識的；感激的

　　①I appreciate your ability in dealing with it.

　　我欣賞你處理這件事的能力。

　　②Our headmaster appreciates Mr Wang very much.

　　我們的校長非常欣賞王先生。

　　③We greatly appreciate your timely help.

　　我們非常感謝你及時的幫忙。

　　用法提示1）appreciate作“感激”講，是及物動詞，后面需接賓語，但需借助it才能加從句。

　　2）表示程度，可以用deeply，highly，really等副詞修飾。

　　①I would appreciate it if you would help me with it.

　　如果你能幫助我，我將不勝感激。

　　②I deeply/highly/really appreciate your kindness.我深深感謝你的好意。

　　③She is a girl with appreciation of art.她是一個對藝術有鑒賞力的女孩。

　　反饋5.1I'd appreciate ______ if you would turn the radio down.

　　A．that

　　B．it

　　C．this

　　D．you

　　反饋5.2The young deputies appreciated ______ with the chance of choosing their new leaders.

　　A．honoring

　　B．to honor

　　C．honored

　　D．being honored

　　反饋5.3He rarely ______ others' kindness to him，which is why he has few friends.

　　A．thanks

　　B．appreciates

　　C．is thankful to

　　D．is grateful

　　6．absorb vt.吸收（光、熱、水等），吸引（注意力）；接受（知識、學問）；使全神貫注于

　　be absorbed by 被……吞并，為……所吸收

　　be absorbed in 全神貫注于……，一心從事，熱衷于

　　absorb sb.'s attention 吸引某人注意

　　absorbing adj.非常吸引人的，引人入勝的

　　absorption n.吸收

　　Plants can absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.

　　植物可以吸收二氧化碳，釋放氧氣。

　　The movement and noise of the machines absorbed him completely.

　　機器的運動和噪音完全吸引了他的注意力。

　　The three-year-old boy seems to be very clever and able to absorb whatever he is taught.

　　這個三歲的男孩看起來很聰明，似乎能掌握教給他的任何東西。

　　He absorbed the point of view of his teacher.

　　他接受了老師的觀點。

　　He was completely absorbed in his book and did not hear me call.

　　他在全神貫注地讀書，沒有聽見我叫他。

　　反饋6.1______ the work in hand，he hardly had any time to write his family back.

　　A．Absorbed by

　　B．Absorbed to

　　C．Concentrating on

　　D．Concentrated in

　　反饋6.2During the day，plants use sunlight，water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen，while at night，they ______ oxygen and give off carbon dioxide.

　　A．take into

　　B．absorb

　　C．are absorbed in

　　D．call in

　　反饋6.3______ the water on the table easily is the substance called“sponge”．

　　A．Absorbed

　　B．Absorbing

　　C．Absorbs

　　D．To absorb

　　7．run out（of）用光，耗盡

　　1）表示“某物用完”，以物作主語時，不用被動語態。

　　Our gas will soon run out.

　　我們的汽油快用光了。

　　2）run out和run out of的區別在于run out不可接賓語，而run out of后可接賓語。

　　He is always running out of money before pay day.

　　他總是在發薪日前就把錢花光了。

　　The supply of our food almost ran out and we felt helpless.

　　我們的食物給養幾乎用光了，我們感覺無望。