重慶市2024高考英語閱讀理解一輪（精品）訓練題（22）附答案

　　My friend Paul will never forget his first chemistry teacher. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting . And his lessons were not easily forgotten.

　　Paul remembers one of his first lessons from this teacher. After the students were all in the chemistry lab, the teacher brought out three bottles. One was filled with petrol, one with castor oil and one with vinegar. “Now watch carefully, " said the teacher.

　　He then filled a cup with some of the petrol, some of the castor oil and some of the vinegar . As the students watched him quietly, he mixed the three together. After that, he held up one of his fingers and showed it to the class. He then dipped it into the cup. After a few seconds he took his finger out. " Now watch " he said . " Remember, you must do everything as I do."

　　He put a finger in his mouth, tasted it and smiled, looking rather pleased. Then he handed the cup around the class of students. Each student dipped a finger into the mixture and sucked it. Instead of smiling, each of them made a face. The mixture tasted terrible.

　　When the cup was at last returned to the teacher, he said sadly, “I ' m sorry, none of you watched carefully enough. Yes, I sucked a finger, but the finger I put into my mouth was not the one I had dipped into the cup. "

　　It was Paul’s first important lesson as a student of chemistry and he never forgot it.

　　61. What kind of teacher is he?

　　A. Excellent at teaching.

　　B. Ordinary-looking.

　　C. Strange.

　　D. Funny.

　　62. Why did the teacher ask the students to watch for the second time?

　　A. He wanted to have the students’ attention.

　　B. He wanted the students to see what he would mix.

　　C. He wanted the students to learn how to do experiments.

　　D. He wanted the students to see that he used different fingers.

　　63. Before the teacher mixed the three kinds of liquids, he told the students to_______.

　　A. watch carefully

　　B. tell the names of the liquids

　　C. be silent and listen to him carefully

　　D. take out a notebook and write down everything he would do

　　64. How many fingers did the teacher use during the whole experiment?

　　A. One.

　　B. None.

　　C. Three.

　　D. Two.

　　65. Paul can’t forget his first chemistry teacher because ________ in the first lesson.

　　A. the teacher was strict and kind

　　B. the teacher was humorous

　　C. the teacher taught him something very useful

　　D. the teacher was a little man with thick glasses

　　參考答案------ AAADC

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　　(2010·杭州質檢二，C)

　　Any discussion of English conversation, like any English conversation, must begin with The Weather. And in this spirit of observing traditional rule, I shall quote Dr Johnson's famous comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of the weather”， and point out that this observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago.

　　This, however, is the point at which most people either stop, or try, and fail, to come up with a convincing explanation for the English “addiction” to the weather. They fail because their premise(前提) is mistaken: they assume that our conversations about the weather are conversations about the weather. In other words，they assume that we talk about the weather because we have a keen interest in the subject. Most of them then try to figure out what it is about the English weather that is so fascinating.

　　Bill Bryson，for example, concludes that the English weather is not at all fascinating, and that our“addiction” to it is therefore very difficult to explain: “To an outsider，the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it. All those phenomena that elsewhere give nature an edge of excitement, unpredictability and danger—tornados, monsoons, hailstorms—are almost wholly unknown in the British Isles.”

　　Jeremy Paxman takes offence at Bryson's comments and argues that the English weather is truly fascinating：

　　Bryson misses the point. The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty... one of the few things you can say about England with absolute certainty is that it has a lot of weather. It may not include tropical cyclones but life at the edge of an ocean and the edge of a continent means you can never be entirely sure what you're going to get.

　　My research has convinced me that both Bryson and Paxman are missing the point, which is that our conversations about the weather are not really about the weather at all：English weather-speak is a form of code, developed to help us overcome our natural reserve (含蓄) and actually talk to each other. Everyone knows, for example, that “Nice day, isn't it？”， “Oh, isn't it cold？”； and other variations on the theme are not requests for weather data: they are greetings or conversation-starters. In other words, English weather-speak is a form of “cleaning talk”—the human equivalent of what is known as “social cleaning” among our primate(靈長類的)cousins, where they spend hours cleaning each other's fur, even when they are perfectly clean, as a means of social connection.

　　英國人談話為什么以談天氣開始，本文作者在對比了兩個具有代表性的說法之后提出了自己的見解——作為一種社會聯系的手段。

　　8．According to the author，most people's explanations for the English love for weather talk are ________.

　　A. scientific

　　B. incorrect

　　C. fascinating

　　D. accurate

　　答案：B。推理判斷題。由第2,3,4,5段內容可推斷出B項正確。

　　9．As is stated in the passsage，most people try to find out ________.

　　A. why the English weather is so unique

　　B. whether the English enjoy their weather

　　C. why the English are so interested in the topic of weather

　　D. whether the English really talk about weather when they do so

　　答案：C。主旨大意題?？傆[文章可知答案。文章第1段引出話題，從第2段開始就其原因展開探討。

　　10．In Bill Bryson's opinion, the English “addiction” to their weather is ________.

　　A. understandable

　　B. convincing

　　C. respectable

　　D. unreasonable

　　答案：D。推理判斷題。由第3段首句的“it is therefore very difficult to explain”可推知答案。

　　11．Disapproving of Bill Bryson's opinion，Jeremy Paxman argues that ________.

　　A. the English talk about their weather because it is unpredictable

　　B. the English don't talk about weather as often as the outsiders think

　　C. the English weather can be as exciting as anywhere else's

　　D. the English weather talk is merely a form of small talk

　　答案：A。推理判斷題。由倒數第3段的“Jeremy Paxman...argues that the English weather is truly fascinating”和倒數第2段第2句but in uncertainty可推知答案。

　　12．According to the author, English weather-speak is similar to primates' social cleaning in that they are both ________.

　　A．ways of greeting

　　B．means social connection

　　C．fascinating topics between people

　　D．phenomena difficult to understand to outsiders

　　答案：B。事實細節題。由尾段尾句可知B項正確。

　　(2011·海淀第二學期期末，D)

　　The Child Ego State

　　The Child ego state is a set of behaviors, thoughts and feelings which are replayed from our own childhood.

　　Perhaps the boss calls us into his or her office, we may immediately get a churning in our stomach and wonder what we have done wrong. If this were explored we might remember the time the head teacher called us in to tell us off. Of course, not everything in the Child ego state is negative. We might go into someone's house and smell a lovely smell and remember our grandmother's house when we were little, and all the same warm feelings we had at six years of age may come flooding back.

　　The Child ego states are constantly being updated. For example, we may meet someone who gives us the permission we needed as a child, and did not get，to be fun and joyous. We may well use that person in our imagination when we are stressed to resist our old ways of thinking that we must work longer and longer hours to keep up with everything. We might ask ourselves“I wonder what X would say now. ”Then on hearing the new permissions to relax and take some time out，do just that and then return to the work renewed and ready for the challenge. Afterwards, rather than blaming ourselves for what we did or did not do, what tends to happen is that we automatically start to give ourselves new permissions and take care of ourselves.

　　Alternatively， we might have had an extremely unpleasant experience yesterday which goes into the Child ego state as an antique memory that stands in the way of our growth. Positive experiences will also go into the Child ego state as antique memories. The positive experiences can then be drawn on to remind us that positive things do happen.

　　The process of analyzing personality in terms of ego states is called structural analysis. It is important to remember that ego states do not have an existence of their own. They are concepts to enable understanding. Therefore it is important to say“I want some fun” rather than“My Child wants some fun”. We may be in our Child ego state when we say this,_but saying“I” reminds us to take responsibility for our actions.

　　本文講述了“the Child ego state”的含義及對一個人行為的影響。

　　13．The writer uses two examples in Paragraph 2 in order to ________.

　　A. prove the Child ego state is negative B. explain why we become nervous

　　C. support the idea in Paragraph 1 D. introduce the point of Paragraph 3

　　答案：C。推理判斷題。從文章結構來看，第2段所舉的兩個例子是對文章首段觀點的闡釋，故選C。

　　14．By asking“I wonder what X would say now” ，we intend to ________.

　　A. blame ourselves

　　B. avoid stress

　　C. keep up with everything

　　D. accept challenges

　　答案：B。推理判斷題。由第3段中間的“We may well use that person...Then on hearing the new permissions to relax and take some time out...”可推知答案。

　　15．According to the passage，the Child ego state ________.

　　A. exists in one's childhood

　　B. shows one's wisdom

　　C. limits one's thoughts

　　D. influences one's actions

　　答案：D。推理判斷題。16．The underlined word“this” in the last paragraph refers to ________.

　　A. “I want some fun”B. “My Child wants some fun”

　　C. the Child ego state

　　D. structural analysis

　　答案：A。詞義猜測題。答案在于文章最后兩句，由尾句中的but saying “I” reminds us...可知代詞this指代的是上句的“I want some fun”而不是“My Child wants some fun”。

　　In many countries today, laws protect wildlife. In India the need for such protection was realized centuries ago.

　　About 300 B.C. an Indian writer described forests that were somewhat like national parks today. The killing of game animals was carefully governed. Some animals were fully protected. Within the forest, nobody was allowed to cut trees, burn wood, or trap animals for their furs. Animals that became dangerous to human visitors were trapped or killed outside the park, so that other animals would not become uneasy.

　　The need for wildlife protection is greater now than ever before. About a thousand sorts of animals are in danger of extinction, and the speed at which they are being destroyed has been putting on. With mammals（哺乳類動物）, for example, the speed of extinction is now about one sort every year; from A. D. 1 to 1800, the speed was about one sort every fifty years. Everywhere, men are trying to solve the problem of saving wildlife while caring for the world’s growing population.

　　66．This report says that the need for protecting wildlife________.

　　A. was understood centuries before this time

　　B. was described by and Indian writer about 2300 years ago

　　C. is met in many countries today

　　D. is carried out in forests as well as in national parks

　　67．The report says that in Indian forests of long ago________.

　　A. hunters were given permits to hunt game

　　B. only dangerous animals were to be killed

　　C. the killing of game animals was controlled

　　D. no killing of animals was allowed

　　68．According to the report, men trying to save wildlife are thinking about________ as well.

　　A. the animals in national parks

　　B. stricter laws against hunting

　　C. the trees in the forests

　　D. the needs of people

　　69．From the report we can learn ________.

　　A. the growth of the world’s population has meant greater danger to wildlife

　　B. about a thousand sorts of mammals are in danger of extinction

　　C. the speed of extinction of mammals is lower now than it was from A. D. 1 to 1800

　　D. hunters who kill endangered sorts of animals are seriously punished by law

　　70．The word“ extinction” in this report most properly means“________” .

　　A. falling down　 B. dying out

　　C. growing upD. going away

　　參考答案------------ ACDAB

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　　Teenagers at one German school are learning how to achieve happiness alongside other traditional subjects such as math and languages.

　　The class sit in a circle with their eyes shut and they count from one to ten: someone starts, the next voice comes from the far right, a third from the other side.

　　The aim of the game is to listen for an opportunity to shout out the number without clashing (沖突) with another voice or leaving a pause. On the first try, most of the young Germans try to be first, while a few are too shy to join in, but by the fifth time round, they develop a rhythm (節奏). The message: give other people space but also confidently claim your own. This is a requirement for social well-being(幸福).

　　The Willy Hellpach School in Heidelberg is the first in the nation to develop a happiness course. It is intended for students preparing for university entrance exams.

　　“The course isn’t there to make you happy,” Ernst Fritz-Schubert, the school principal（校長）, warned pupils, “but rather to help you discover the ways to become happy.”

　　Cooking a meal together is one of the class exercises. Improving body language under the guidance（指導） of two professional actresses is another.

　　The course is taught for three periods a week. Despite the happy subject, the pupils themselves insist it is no laughing matter.

　　“In the first period, we had to each say something positive about another member of the class and about ourselves. No laughing at people,” said Fanny, 17.