英語四級考試考點(diǎn)詞匯及真題解析
A
absorb vt.吸收;使專心
【搭配】be absorbed in專心于
【考題】She was so in her job that she didnt hear anybody knocking at the door.
A)attracted B)absorbed C)drawn D)concentrated
【譯文】她工作如此專心以致于沒聽見有人敲門。
abuse vt.濫用;虐待n.濫用
【考題】It has been revealed that some government leaders their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.
A)employ B)take C)abuse D)overlook
【譯文】據(jù)透露，一些政府官員濫用職權(quán)為自己謀取非法利益。
accomplish v.達(dá)到;完成
【考題】The project， by the end of 2000，willexpand the citys telephone network to cover 1，000，000 users.
A)accomplished B)being accomplished
C)to be accomplished D)having been accomplished
【譯文】預(yù)計(jì)在2000年前完成的這項(xiàng)工程將擴(kuò)大該市的電話網(wǎng)至 1，000，000用戶。
account n.賬;賬戶v.說明原因
【搭配】on account of 為了的緣故，因?yàn)?/p>
take...into account 考慮到
【考題】Id his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community，and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.
A)take into account B)account for
C)make up for D)make out
【譯文】我得向社區(qū)的其他的農(nóng)戶和商人們了解他的信譽(yù)，然后再決定是否同意他的貸款請求。
approve vt.贊成，稱許;批準(zhǔn)
approval n.
【搭配】for sb.s approval 求某人指正 give ones approval to 批準(zhǔn)
【考題】If only the committee the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.
A)approve B)will approve C)can approve D)would approve
【譯文】要是委員會能盡快批準(zhǔn)這些規(guī)章制度并付諸實(shí)施就好了。
approximately ad.近似地，大約
【考題】They claim that 1，000 factories closed down during the economic crisis.
A)sufficiently B)approximately C)considerably D)properly
【譯文】他們宣稱大約有1000家工廠在經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)中倒閉了。
arise vi.出現(xiàn);由引起
【考題】Some confusion has about who can join the association.
A)retained B)lifted C)raised D)arisen
【譯文】關(guān)于誰加入?yún)f(xié)會意見不一。
artificial a.人工的;矯揉造作的
【考題】There were some flowers on the table.
A)artificial B)unnatural C)false D)unreal
【譯文】桌子上有一些假花。
ashamed a.慚愧;羞恥
【搭配】be ashamed of 以為是恥辱
be ashamed to do sth.以干為恥
【考題】He was of having asked such a silly question.
A)sorry B)guilty C)ashamed D)miserable
【譯文】他對自己問了這樣一個愚蠢的問題感到很不好意思。
associate vi.交往n.伙伴，同事
【搭配】associate oneself with 加入
associate sth.with 把聯(lián)系在一起
associate with 和來往
【考題】A healthy life is frequently thought to be with the open countryside and homegrown food.
A)tied B)bound C)involved D)associated
【譯文】人們總是把健康的生活與開闊的鄉(xiāng)村和自家種的食物聯(lián)系在一起。
available a.可利用的;通用的
【考題】Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are in grocery stores.
A)ready B)approachable C)probable D)available
【譯文】經(jīng)過加工隨時可供烹調(diào)的方便食品在食雜店可以買到。
awkward a.笨拙的;尷尬的
【考題】The shy girl felt and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teachers questions.
A)amazed B)awkward C)curious D)amused
【譯文】當(dāng)這個害羞的女孩回答不上來老師的提問時，她感到很窘迫和難受。
B
ban v.禁止
In most countries the sale of liquor to children is banned.大多數(shù)國家都禁止賣酒給小孩子們。
n.禁止，禁令
announce a 30-day ban on hunting宣布30天的禁獵令
【辨析】ban，forbid 和 prohibit三個詞都表示禁止，其中ban語氣最重，指權(quán)威機(jī)關(guān)正式禁止。 forbid是普通用詞，指個人行為。prohibit是正式用詞，指用法律或法令來禁止。
bare a.無遮蓋的;空的;僅僅的
a bare hillside 光禿禿的山坡
a room bare of furniture 幾乎沒有家具的房間
the bare necessities of life 最起碼的生活必需品
v.揭露，暴露，揭開，去除的覆蓋物
bare ones head 脫去帽子
bare ones heart 表露真情
【全真考題】Although they plant trees in this area every year，the tops of some hills are still .
A)bare B)vacant C)blank D)hollow
A
barely ad.僅僅，只不過，幾乎不
We barely had time to catch the train.我們僅有勉強(qiáng)趕上火車的時間。
【用法】1.barely 用在句首時引起句子倒裝。 2.barely 含有否定意義，因此用在反意疑問句中時，句尾的疑問短句要用肯定形式。3.barely...when 結(jié)構(gòu)表示剛就，barely 所在的部分要倒裝。 4.barely 不與 ever，any 和 at all 連用。
【辨析】barely，hardly，rarely 和 scarcely四個詞意義相近，都表否定概念，但也有一些差別。
rarely 意為難得，不常。
Rarely have I seen him smile.
hardly 往往強(qiáng)調(diào)能力上有困難，意為簡直不，很難。
He can hardly jump over the fence.
scarcely 往往強(qiáng)調(diào)不足，常同 enough，sufficient，any 等表示程度的詞連用，意為不太，幾乎，簡直沒有。
He has scarcely any money left.
barely 與 hardly 和 scarcely 意思相近，意為幾乎，勉強(qiáng)，僅能做到。但如果后面跟有 ever，any，at all 等詞，只能用 hardly 或 scarcely，不能用 barely。
benefit n.益處;優(yōu)越性;保險金，救濟(jì)金
Ive had the benefit of a good education.我得益于良好的教育。/the benefits of science科學(xué)的優(yōu)良條件/ unemployment benefits失業(yè)保險
vi.得益
He hasnt benefited from the experience.他并沒有從他的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中受益。
vt.使受益
This policy benefits the whole city.這個政策使整個城市受益。
【用法】benefit 作不及物動詞時，其后常接介詞 from。
bore vt.使感到厭煩
All his old stories bore me.他所有的老生常談使我厭煩。
n.令人厭煩的事物
Dont be such a bore.別這么討厭。
【用法】bore的兩種分詞形式boring 和 bored：boring 表示主動，指某事物令人厭煩;bored表示被動，指被某事物弄得厭煩。
He was bored with his job./Its a boring film.
類似的詞還有interesting與interested;exciting與 excited等。
C
concentrate v.全神貫注，精神集中，專心致志;集中，集合;濃縮
We should concentrate all our efforts on improving education.我們應(yīng)該集中精力努力改進(jìn)教育工作。
Troops are concentrating south of the river.軍隊(duì)正向河的南邊集結(jié)。
n.濃縮液
【用法】concentrateon sth./doing sth.
【全真考題】Anne couldnt concentrate what she was doing while her family were watching TV.
A.to B.on C.for D.in
【答案】B
continual adj.繼續(xù)不斷的;一再重復(fù)的
continual rain 不停的雨
【辨析】continual與continuous
continual一般指多次重復(fù)的動作：Please stop your continual questions.
continuous表示動作或物體繼續(xù)不停地或不間斷地進(jìn)行下去：a continuous flow of traffic
【全真考題】Our journey was slow because the train stopped at different villages.
A.unceasingly B.gradually
C.continuously D.continually
【答案】D
contrary adj.相反的;好與人作對的
contrary beliefs 截然相反的信仰
He is an awkward，contrary child.他是個又麻煩又不聽話的孩子。
n.反面
【用法】contrary to 違反：be contrary to the law;on the contrary 與此相反：It doesnt seem ugly to me;on the contrary，I think its rather beautiful.
【全真考題】What you have done is the doctors orders.
A.attached to B.responsible to
C.resistant to D.contrary to
【答案】D
contributev.捐款，捐助;有助于;投稿
We contributed clothing to the relief of the poor.我們捐贈衣物救濟(jì)貧民。
Hard work contributed to his success.努力工作使他成功。
He contributed poems to the magazine.他投詩稿給雜志。
【用法】contribute與介詞to搭配：contribute to
【全真考題】Medical research has shown that the widespread use of cigarettes contributes the increase of cancers.
A.towards B.for C.with D.to
【答案】D
critical adj.吹毛求疵的，批評的;決定性的，重要的
He is so critical that nobody can please him.他太吹毛求疵，所以沒有人能取悅他。
We arrived at the critical moment.我們在關(guān)鍵時刻到達(dá)。
【用法】critical作吹毛求疵的、批評的講時與介詞 of搭配。
【全真考題】The director was critical the way we were doing the work.
A.at B.in C.of D.with
【答案】C
《大學(xué)英語教學(xué)大綱》中，關(guān)于四級詞匯的要求是：領(lǐng)會式掌握4200單詞以及由這些詞構(gòu)成的常用詞組1600條，并具有按照基本構(gòu)詞法識別生詞的能力。大綱中所指的領(lǐng)會式強(qiáng)調(diào)對詞義的認(rèn)知，而復(fù)用式則強(qiáng)調(diào)對這類詞的詞義辨析、用法以及搭配關(guān)系的掌握。因此，以大綱為指導(dǎo)，四級考試中詞匯的內(nèi)容，除了考察對單詞的認(rèn)知外，還測試詞義的細(xì)微區(qū)別、詞匯用法和搭配關(guān)系。目前考察領(lǐng)會式詞匯為73.9%占大部分，復(fù)用式占26.1%。在此篇和上期所列重點(diǎn)詞匯的四級考題中，bare，concentrate，contribute，continual，critical都以復(fù)用式詞匯方式來考察。其中，bare和continual考察詞義的辨析;concentrate， contribute和critical考察了詞的搭配關(guān)系。當(dāng)然，四級試題中詞匯的領(lǐng)會與復(fù)用也不都是界限分明的，有時在一道題中會既考察認(rèn)知又考察用法等。
D
同學(xué)們，如果你正在復(fù)習(xí)大學(xué)英語四級詞匯的字母D部分，請跟我來。先做題，再認(rèn)真閱讀題后的講解。看看收獲如何。
1.The issue is how to of radioactive waste.
A.deal B.dispose C.disposal D.do
B.問題是怎樣處理放射性廢料。
A.deal處理;應(yīng)付;做生意。例句：I have dealt with this company for more than a decade.我已經(jīng)與這家公司做了十多年的生意。B. dispose處理;處置;除掉;去掉。例句：Man proposes，God disposes.謀事在人，成事在天。Dispose of these old newspapers!把這些舊報紙?zhí)幚淼簟.disposaln.處理;處置。D.do處理;整頓;解決。
2.The trend of brain drain does the developing countries degrees of harm.
A.diver B.diversify C.diverse D.diversity
C.人才外流的趨勢不同程度傷害著發(fā)展中國家。
A.diver n.潛水員。B.diversify v.使多樣化。C.diverse adj.不同的。D.diversity n.多樣性。此處只能用形容詞diverse修飾名詞。
3.Whether he could obtain his diploma or not greatly him.
A.disturbed B.distinguished C.distresses D.disputes
A.是否能取得文憑極大地?cái)_亂了他的心緒。
A.disturb 擾亂;打擾。B.distinguish區(qū)分;辨別。C.distress使悲痛;使憂傷。D.dispute 爭論;辯論;爭執(zhí)。
4.All had to stay in the open space，esp.at night， for the of the warning of an earthquake.
A.donation B.domination C.destination D.duration
D.在整個地震警報期間，大家只好待在空曠的地方。
A.donation 捐贈品;捐款。B. domination統(tǒng)治;控制;支配。C.destination 目的地。D.duration期間;持續(xù)時間。
5.The free market is with purchasers and merchants.
A.deliberate B.dense C.dependent D.desirable
B.自由市場上云集買賣雙方而一片繁忙。
A.deliberate蓄意的;審慎的。B. dense密集的;濃厚的;繁忙的。C.dependent依靠的;依賴的;以而定。D.desirable值得要的;合心意的;悅?cè)诵囊獾摹?/p>
A
absorb vt.吸收;使專心
【搭配】be absorbed in專心于
【考題】She was so in her job that she didnt hear anybody knocking at the door.
A)attracted B)absorbed C)drawn D)concentrated
【譯文】她工作如此專心以致于沒聽見有人敲門。
abuse vt.濫用;虐待n.濫用
【考題】It has been revealed that some government leaders their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.
A)employ B)take C)abuse D)overlook
【譯文】據(jù)透露，一些政府官員濫用職權(quán)為自己謀取非法利益。
accomplish v.達(dá)到;完成
【考題】The project， by the end of 2000，willexpand the citys telephone network to cover 1，000，000 users.
A)accomplished B)being accomplished
C)to be accomplished D)having been accomplished
【譯文】預(yù)計(jì)在2000年前完成的這項(xiàng)工程將擴(kuò)大該市的電話網(wǎng)至 1，000，000用戶。
account n.賬;賬戶v.說明原因
【搭配】on account of 為了的緣故，因?yàn)?/p>
take...into account 考慮到
【考題】Id his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community，and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.
A)take into account B)account for
C)make up for D)make out
【譯文】我得向社區(qū)的其他的農(nóng)戶和商人們了解他的信譽(yù)，然后再決定是否同意他的貸款請求。
approve vt.贊成，稱許;批準(zhǔn)
approval n.
【搭配】for sb.s approval 求某人指正 give ones approval to 批準(zhǔn)
【考題】If only the committee the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.
A)approve B)will approve C)can approve D)would approve
【譯文】要是委員會能盡快批準(zhǔn)這些規(guī)章制度并付諸實(shí)施就好了。
approximately ad.近似地，大約
【考題】They claim that 1，000 factories closed down during the economic crisis.
A)sufficiently B)approximately C)considerably D)properly
【譯文】他們宣稱大約有1000家工廠在經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)中倒閉了。
arise vi.出現(xiàn);由引起
【考題】Some confusion has about who can join the association.
A)retained B)lifted C)raised D)arisen
【譯文】關(guān)于誰加入?yún)f(xié)會意見不一。
artificial a.人工的;矯揉造作的
【考題】There were some flowers on the table.
A)artificial B)unnatural C)false D)unreal
【譯文】桌子上有一些假花。
ashamed a.慚愧;羞恥
【搭配】be ashamed of 以為是恥辱
be ashamed to do sth.以干為恥
【考題】He was of having asked such a silly question.
A)sorry B)guilty C)ashamed D)miserable
【譯文】他對自己問了這樣一個愚蠢的問題感到很不好意思。
associate vi.交往n.伙伴，同事
【搭配】associate oneself with 加入
associate sth.with 把聯(lián)系在一起
associate with 和來往
【考題】A healthy life is frequently thought to be with the open countryside and homegrown food.
A)tied B)bound C)involved D)associated
【譯文】人們總是把健康的生活與開闊的鄉(xiāng)村和自家種的食物聯(lián)系在一起。
available a.可利用的;通用的
【考題】Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are in grocery stores.
A)ready B)approachable C)probable D)available
【譯文】經(jīng)過加工隨時可供烹調(diào)的方便食品在食雜店可以買到。
awkward a.笨拙的;尷尬的
【考題】The shy girl felt and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teachers questions.
A)amazed B)awkward C)curious D)amused
【譯文】當(dāng)這個害羞的女孩回答不上來老師的提問時，她感到很窘迫和難受。
B
ban v.禁止
In most countries the sale of liquor to children is banned.大多數(shù)國家都禁止賣酒給小孩子們。
n.禁止，禁令
announce a 30-day ban on hunting宣布30天的禁獵令
【辨析】ban，forbid 和 prohibit三個詞都表示禁止，其中ban語氣最重，指權(quán)威機(jī)關(guān)正式禁止。 forbid是普通用詞，指個人行為。prohibit是正式用詞，指用法律或法令來禁止。
bare a.無遮蓋的;空的;僅僅的
a bare hillside 光禿禿的山坡
a room bare of furniture 幾乎沒有家具的房間
the bare necessities of life 最起碼的生活必需品
v.揭露，暴露，揭開，去除的覆蓋物
bare ones head 脫去帽子
bare ones heart 表露真情
【全真考題】Although they plant trees in this area every year，the tops of some hills are still .
A)bare B)vacant C)blank D)hollow
A
barely ad.僅僅，只不過，幾乎不
We barely had time to catch the train.我們僅有勉強(qiáng)趕上火車的時間。
【用法】1.barely 用在句首時引起句子倒裝。 2.barely 含有否定意義，因此用在反意疑問句中時，句尾的疑問短句要用肯定形式。3.barely...when 結(jié)構(gòu)表示剛就，barely 所在的部分要倒裝。 4.barely 不與 ever，any 和 at all 連用。
【辨析】barely，hardly，rarely 和 scarcely四個詞意義相近，都表否定概念，但也有一些差別。
rarely 意為難得，不常。
Rarely have I seen him smile.
hardly 往往強(qiáng)調(diào)能力上有困難，意為簡直不，很難。
He can hardly jump over the fence.
scarcely 往往強(qiáng)調(diào)不足，常同 enough，sufficient，any 等表示程度的詞連用，意為不太，幾乎，簡直沒有。
He has scarcely any money left.
barely 與 hardly 和 scarcely 意思相近，意為幾乎，勉強(qiáng)，僅能做到。但如果后面跟有 ever，any，at all 等詞，只能用 hardly 或 scarcely，不能用 barely。
benefit n.益處;優(yōu)越性;保險金，救濟(jì)金
Ive had the benefit of a good education.我得益于良好的教育。/the benefits of science科學(xué)的優(yōu)良條件/ unemployment benefits失業(yè)保險
vi.得益
He hasnt benefited from the experience.他并沒有從他的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中受益。
vt.使受益
This policy benefits the whole city.這個政策使整個城市受益。
【用法】benefit 作不及物動詞時，其后常接介詞 from。
bore vt.使感到厭煩
All his old stories bore me.他所有的老生常談使我厭煩。
n.令人厭煩的事物
Dont be such a bore.別這么討厭。
【用法】bore的兩種分詞形式boring 和 bored：boring 表示主動，指某事物令人厭煩;bored表示被動，指被某事物弄得厭煩。
He was bored with his job./Its a boring film.
類似的詞還有interesting與interested;exciting與 excited等。
C
concentrate v.全神貫注，精神集中，專心致志;集中，集合;濃縮
We should concentrate all our efforts on improving education.我們應(yīng)該集中精力努力改進(jìn)教育工作。
Troops are concentrating south of the river.軍隊(duì)正向河的南邊集結(jié)。
n.濃縮液
【用法】concentrateon sth./doing sth.
【全真考題】Anne couldnt concentrate what she was doing while her family were watching TV.
A.to B.on C.for D.in
【答案】B
continual adj.繼續(xù)不斷的;一再重復(fù)的
continual rain 不停的雨
【辨析】continual與continuous
continual一般指多次重復(fù)的動作：Please stop your continual questions.
continuous表示動作或物體繼續(xù)不停地或不間斷地進(jìn)行下去：a continuous flow of traffic
【全真考題】Our journey was slow because the train stopped at different villages.
A.unceasingly B.gradually
C.continuously D.continually
【答案】D
contrary adj.相反的;好與人作對的
contrary beliefs 截然相反的信仰
He is an awkward，contrary child.他是個又麻煩又不聽話的孩子。
n.反面
【用法】contrary to 違反：be contrary to the law;on the contrary 與此相反：It doesnt seem ugly to me;on the contrary，I think its rather beautiful.
【全真考題】What you have done is the doctors orders.
A.attached to B.responsible to
C.resistant to D.contrary to
【答案】D
contributev.捐款，捐助;有助于;投稿
We contributed clothing to the relief of the poor.我們捐贈衣物救濟(jì)貧民。
Hard work contributed to his success.努力工作使他成功。
He contributed poems to the magazine.他投詩稿給雜志。
【用法】contribute與介詞to搭配：contribute to
【全真考題】Medical research has shown that the widespread use of cigarettes contributes the increase of cancers.
A.towards B.for C.with D.to
【答案】D
critical adj.吹毛求疵的，批評的;決定性的，重要的
He is so critical that nobody can please him.他太吹毛求疵，所以沒有人能取悅他。
We arrived at the critical moment.我們在關(guān)鍵時刻到達(dá)。
【用法】critical作吹毛求疵的、批評的講時與介詞 of搭配。
【全真考題】The director was critical the way we were doing the work.
A.at B.in C.of D.with
【答案】C
《大學(xué)英語教學(xué)大綱》中，關(guān)于四級詞匯的要求是：領(lǐng)會式掌握4200單詞以及由這些詞構(gòu)成的常用詞組1600條，并具有按照基本構(gòu)詞法識別生詞的能力。大綱中所指的領(lǐng)會式強(qiáng)調(diào)對詞義的認(rèn)知，而復(fù)用式則強(qiáng)調(diào)對這類詞的詞義辨析、用法以及搭配關(guān)系的掌握。因此，以大綱為指導(dǎo)，四級考試中詞匯的內(nèi)容，除了考察對單詞的認(rèn)知外，還測試詞義的細(xì)微區(qū)別、詞匯用法和搭配關(guān)系。目前考察領(lǐng)會式詞匯為73.9%占大部分，復(fù)用式占26.1%。在此篇和上期所列重點(diǎn)詞匯的四級考題中，bare，concentrate，contribute，continual，critical都以復(fù)用式詞匯方式來考察。其中，bare和continual考察詞義的辨析;concentrate， contribute和critical考察了詞的搭配關(guān)系。當(dāng)然，四級試題中詞匯的領(lǐng)會與復(fù)用也不都是界限分明的，有時在一道題中會既考察認(rèn)知又考察用法等。
D
同學(xué)們，如果你正在復(fù)習(xí)大學(xué)英語四級詞匯的字母D部分，請跟我來。先做題，再認(rèn)真閱讀題后的講解。看看收獲如何。
1.The issue is how to of radioactive waste.
A.deal B.dispose C.disposal D.do
B.問題是怎樣處理放射性廢料。
A.deal處理;應(yīng)付;做生意。例句：I have dealt with this company for more than a decade.我已經(jīng)與這家公司做了十多年的生意。B. dispose處理;處置;除掉;去掉。例句：Man proposes，God disposes.謀事在人，成事在天。Dispose of these old newspapers!把這些舊報紙?zhí)幚淼簟.disposaln.處理;處置。D.do處理;整頓;解決。
2.The trend of brain drain does the developing countries degrees of harm.
A.diver B.diversify C.diverse D.diversity
C.人才外流的趨勢不同程度傷害著發(fā)展中國家。
A.diver n.潛水員。B.diversify v.使多樣化。C.diverse adj.不同的。D.diversity n.多樣性。此處只能用形容詞diverse修飾名詞。
3.Whether he could obtain his diploma or not greatly him.
A.disturbed B.distinguished C.distresses D.disputes
A.是否能取得文憑極大地?cái)_亂了他的心緒。
A.disturb 擾亂;打擾。B.distinguish區(qū)分;辨別。C.distress使悲痛;使憂傷。D.dispute 爭論;辯論;爭執(zhí)。
4.All had to stay in the open space，esp.at night， for the of the warning of an earthquake.
A.donation B.domination C.destination D.duration
D.在整個地震警報期間，大家只好待在空曠的地方。
A.donation 捐贈品;捐款。B. domination統(tǒng)治;控制;支配。C.destination 目的地。D.duration期間;持續(xù)時間。
5.The free market is with purchasers and merchants.
A.deliberate B.dense C.dependent D.desirable
B.自由市場上云集買賣雙方而一片繁忙。
A.deliberate蓄意的;審慎的。B. dense密集的;濃厚的;繁忙的。C.dependent依靠的;依賴的;以而定。D.desirable值得要的;合心意的;悅?cè)诵囊獾摹?/p>
