2023四級漢譯英解題方法舉例分析(3)
真題詳解
3.The victim if he had been taken to hospital in time.
第一步由The victim if he had been taken to hospital in time.可以推出,劃線處應該填寫謂語動詞和賓語使得主句完整,并且主句形式、時態根據后面的if he had been taken to hospital in time確定應該采取虛擬語氣,是對過去的虛擬。
第二步劃分成分本來會有機會活下來
核心謂語動詞是本來有機會------,活下來作賓語。
第三步
1.切塊對應翻譯本來有機會------= would have a chance to do sth,活下來=survive
2.重新組合would have a chance to survive.
would have/stand a chance to survive/of survival
如果遇難者被及時送往醫院的話,他本來會有機會活下來的。
與過去相反的虛擬語氣,從句用had done,主句用would have done
有機會做某事have/stand a chance to do sth/of sth----
虛擬語氣
考生應該注意以下幾種虛擬語氣的形式
第一種由 if 引導的虛擬句子
1. 與現在的事實相反
If I were you , I would marry him.
如果我是你,就會嫁給他。
2. 與過去的事實相反
If you had worked hard , you would have passed the exam.
如果你用功學習,就會通過考試了。
3. 與將來的事實可能相反
If it should rain tomorrow , what would you do ?
如果明天下雨,你怎么辦?
第二種用在表示要求、建議、命令等的名詞從句中
從句謂語形式為--- + do sth 。
類似用法的動詞有
insist , suggest , order , propose , demand , command , advise , desire , request , require , ask , prefer , recommend , arrange , advocate ,maintain等后面的賓語從句中。
第三種用在It + be + important + that ---結構中的that 引導的主語從句中
第四種用在It is time that --- 結構中, 表示該干某事了, 含建議的意思, 用動詞過去式。
It is time we went to bed .
咱們該睡覺了。
注意: time 前可加about 或high 等。
真題詳解
3.The victim if he had been taken to hospital in time.
第一步由The victim if he had been taken to hospital in time.可以推出,劃線處應該填寫謂語動詞和賓語使得主句完整,并且主句形式、時態根據后面的if he had been taken to hospital in time確定應該采取虛擬語氣,是對過去的虛擬。
第二步劃分成分本來會有機會活下來
核心謂語動詞是本來有機會------,活下來作賓語。
第三步
1.切塊對應翻譯本來有機會------= would have a chance to do sth,活下來=survive
2.重新組合would have a chance to survive.
would have/stand a chance to survive/of survival
如果遇難者被及時送往醫院的話,他本來會有機會活下來的。
與過去相反的虛擬語氣,從句用had done,主句用would have done
有機會做某事have/stand a chance to do sth/of sth----
虛擬語氣
考生應該注意以下幾種虛擬語氣的形式
第一種由 if 引導的虛擬句子
1. 與現在的事實相反
If I were you , I would marry him.
如果我是你,就會嫁給他。
2. 與過去的事實相反
If you had worked hard , you would have passed the exam.
如果你用功學習,就會通過考試了。
3. 與將來的事實可能相反
If it should rain tomorrow , what would you do ?
如果明天下雨,你怎么辦?
第二種用在表示要求、建議、命令等的名詞從句中
從句謂語形式為--- + do sth 。
類似用法的動詞有
insist , suggest , order , propose , demand , command , advise , desire , request , require , ask , prefer , recommend , arrange , advocate ,maintain等后面的賓語從句中。
第三種用在It + be + important + that ---結構中的that 引導的主語從句中
第四種用在It is time that --- 結構中, 表示該干某事了, 含建議的意思, 用動詞過去式。
It is time we went to bed .
咱們該睡覺了。
注意: time 前可加about 或high 等。