英語四級聽力的考試長對話設(shè)題點解密
一、對話的開頭
對話的開頭部分一般都會引出談話的主題，比較容易設(shè)主旨題，主要考查對談話主題或所涉及場景的把握。
【例1】
To make a business report to the woman.
To be interviewed for a job in the womans company.
To resign from his position in the womans company.
To exchange stock market information with the woman.
W: Please have a seat, Mr. Thunders. I received your job resume last week, and was very impressed.
M: Thank you!
W: We are a small financial company trading mostly stocks and bonds. May I ask why you are interested in working for us?
19. Whats the purpose of Mr. Thunders visit?
【解析】主旨題。問候之后的首句往往引出談話的主題，也經(jīng)常是長對話第一道問題的設(shè)題點。請到訪者就座后，女士直接進入正題，上周受到你的工作簡歷，表明對話是圍繞男士申請工作這一話題展開的，故答案為。
二、對話的結(jié)尾
對話結(jié)尾往往會涉及對話雙方的態(tài)度、建議或決定等總結(jié)性的內(nèi)容，而且經(jīng)常能夠進一步體現(xiàn)對話的主題及場景，也是出題者設(shè)題時考慮的重點。
【例6】
Changing her major.
Spending less of her parents money.
Getting transferred to the English Department.
Leaving the university.
W: They would be so disappointed though if I told them I was quitting.
25. What is Karen thinking of doing?
【解析】細節(jié)題。對話結(jié)尾處女士通過進行時表明了自己的打算。注意這里的quit是指退出現(xiàn)在的專業(yè)，而不是指退出大學(xué)，選擇答案時需根據(jù)上下文，切忌根據(jù)常識進行判斷。
三、對話中的問答處
長對話由于仍然是以對話形式出現(xiàn)，雙方會就對話主題進行討論，故其中經(jīng)常會包含一些對話雙方的一問一答，這些地方往往是長對話設(shè)題的重點。
【例2】
He is head of a small trading company.
He works in an international insurance company.
He leads a team of brokers in a big company.
He is a public relations officer in a small company. W: Thats good to hear. Would you mind telling me a little bit about your present job?
M: Im currently working in a large international company in charge of a team of 8 brokers , we buy and sell stocks for major clients worldwide.
20. What is Mr. Thunders current job?
【解析】細節(jié)題。問答處往往是長對話的設(shè)題點。女士詢問男士目前的工作，男士回答說我現(xiàn)在在一家跨國公司帶領(lǐng)一個8人組成的保險經(jīng)濟人團隊，故答案為。
四、對話中邏輯關(guān)系處
長對話中經(jīng)常會涉及到表示轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等邏輯關(guān)系的短語或句式，這些地方也很受出題人的青睞。
【例3】
Shes worried about the seminar.
The man keeps interrupting her.
She finds it too hard.
She lacks interest in it.
W: No, Jim, I suppose I havent. I need to get through although, but I keep drifting away.
M: So it doesnt really hold your interest?
W: No, not really. I wouldnt bother with it, to be honest, but I have to read it for a seminar. Im at the university.
22. Why cant Karen concentrate on the book?
【解析】推斷題。女士話中but轉(zhuǎn)折后內(nèi)容表明女士對那本書并不感興趣，緊接著男士和女士的一問一答再次揭示本題的答案為。
五、對話中建議處
對話中一方給另一方提出的建議或意見常常會被作為出題的重點，因此，聽音時要注意捕捉一些特殊的表達建議的句式，如Youd better, why not do?等。
【例1】
Study the map of Quebec Province.
Find more about Quebec City.
Brush up on her French.
Learn more about the local customs.
M: Well, In fact, Montreal is the third largest French-speaking city in the world. So youd better practice your French before you go.
W: Good advice.
20. What does the man advise the woman to do before the trip?
【解析】細節(jié)題。由男士話中的youd better可知他建議女士在去旅行前先練習(xí)一下法語，故答案為。
六、對話中比較處
形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級，以及than, asas等引出的比較結(jié)構(gòu)也是長對話題的設(shè)題重點之一。這類題目的選項中經(jīng)常會含有比較結(jié)構(gòu)，考生要學(xué)會利用選項所給提示抓取關(guān)鍵點。
【例4】
The lectures are boring.
The course is poorly designed.
She prefers Philosophy to English.
She enjoys literature more.
W: I should say, I dont like Dickens at all really, the author, indeed, I am starting to like the whole course less and less.
M: Its not just the book, its the course as well?
W: Yeah, You see, I wanted to do philosophy rather than English, but my parents took me out of it.
23. Why is Karen starting to like the course less and less?
【解析】細節(jié)題。本題是在對話中的比較處命題。女士話中的do philosophy rather than English表明女士寧愿學(xué)哲學(xué)而不愿學(xué)英語。rather than意為而不是，不愿。
七、對話中數(shù)字信息處
對話中出現(xiàn)年代、時間、價格等數(shù)字信息的地方，也經(jīng)常被作為長對話設(shè)題的一個重點，但要注意，一般都是考查與數(shù)字相關(guān)的其他細節(jié)信息，而單純考查數(shù)字的題目并不常見。
【例5】
The personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency.
A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.
The entire staff should be retrained.
Better-educated employees should be promoted. M: And whats the picture?
W: Well probably have to hire a couple of engineers to help us modernize the factory.
21. What does the woman suggest about human resources?
【解析】細節(jié)題。對話中女士建議hire a couple of engineers，選項中的a few engineers should be employed與此相對應(yīng)。
八、對話中列舉、舉例處
對話中出現(xiàn)列舉或舉例的地方往往也是出題的重點，因此，當聽到such as, for example, for instance, the first, the second等一類詞語，應(yīng)加以留意。
【例5】
It cost muc
h more than its worth.
It should be brought up-to-date.
It calls for immediate repairs.
It can still be used for a long time.
W: Sure. Ive been trying to come up with some new production and advertising strategies. First of all, if we want to stay competitive, we need to modernize our factory. New equipment shouldve been installed long ago.
20. What does the woman say about the equipment of their factory?
【解析】細節(jié)題。女士說自己提出了一些新的生產(chǎn)和廣告戰(zhàn)略，接著列舉了首要的一點：設(shè)備需要盡快更新。
九、對話中推測處
must, may, can等情態(tài)動詞常用于表示對現(xiàn)在或過去事實的推測，這些地方常常受到出題人的青睞。
【例5】
The woman thinks Mr. Saunders is asking for more than they can offer.
Mr. Saunders will share one third of the womans responsibilities.
Mr. Saunders believes that he deserves more paid vacations.
The woman seems to be satisfied with Mr. Saunders past experience.
W: Well, you might just be the person weve been looking for. Do you have any questions?
M: Uh-hum, if I were hired, how many accounts would I be handling?
21. What can we conclude from the conversation?
【解析】推斷題。由女士話中的推測句式Y(jié)ou might just be the person可推知，女士似乎對男士過去的經(jīng)驗很滿意。
一、對話的開頭
對話的開頭部分一般都會引出談話的主題，比較容易設(shè)主旨題，主要考查對談話主題或所涉及場景的把握。
【例1】
To make a business report to the woman.
To be interviewed for a job in the womans company.
To resign from his position in the womans company.
To exchange stock market information with the woman.
W: Please have a seat, Mr. Thunders. I received your job resume last week, and was very impressed.
M: Thank you!
W: We are a small financial company trading mostly stocks and bonds. May I ask why you are interested in working for us?
19. Whats the purpose of Mr. Thunders visit?
【解析】主旨題。問候之后的首句往往引出談話的主題，也經(jīng)常是長對話第一道問題的設(shè)題點。請到訪者就座后，女士直接進入正題，上周受到你的工作簡歷，表明對話是圍繞男士申請工作這一話題展開的，故答案為。
二、對話的結(jié)尾
對話結(jié)尾往往會涉及對話雙方的態(tài)度、建議或決定等總結(jié)性的內(nèi)容，而且經(jīng)常能夠進一步體現(xiàn)對話的主題及場景，也是出題者設(shè)題時考慮的重點。
【例6】
Changing her major.
Spending less of her parents money.
Getting transferred to the English Department.
Leaving the university.
W: They would be so disappointed though if I told them I was quitting.
25. What is Karen thinking of doing?
【解析】細節(jié)題。對話結(jié)尾處女士通過進行時表明了自己的打算。注意這里的quit是指退出現(xiàn)在的專業(yè)，而不是指退出大學(xué)，選擇答案時需根據(jù)上下文，切忌根據(jù)常識進行判斷。
三、對話中的問答處
長對話由于仍然是以對話形式出現(xiàn)，雙方會就對話主題進行討論，故其中經(jīng)常會包含一些對話雙方的一問一答，這些地方往往是長對話設(shè)題的重點。
【例2】
He is head of a small trading company.
He works in an international insurance company.
He leads a team of brokers in a big company.
He is a public relations officer in a small company. W: Thats good to hear. Would you mind telling me a little bit about your present job?
M: Im currently working in a large international company in charge of a team of 8 brokers , we buy and sell stocks for major clients worldwide.
20. What is Mr. Thunders current job?
【解析】細節(jié)題。問答處往往是長對話的設(shè)題點。女士詢問男士目前的工作，男士回答說我現(xiàn)在在一家跨國公司帶領(lǐng)一個8人組成的保險經(jīng)濟人團隊，故答案為。
四、對話中邏輯關(guān)系處
長對話中經(jīng)常會涉及到表示轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等邏輯關(guān)系的短語或句式，這些地方也很受出題人的青睞。
【例3】
Shes worried about the seminar.
The man keeps interrupting her.
She finds it too hard.
She lacks interest in it.
W: No, Jim, I suppose I havent. I need to get through although, but I keep drifting away.
M: So it doesnt really hold your interest?
W: No, not really. I wouldnt bother with it, to be honest, but I have to read it for a seminar. Im at the university.
22. Why cant Karen concentrate on the book?
【解析】推斷題。女士話中but轉(zhuǎn)折后內(nèi)容表明女士對那本書并不感興趣，緊接著男士和女士的一問一答再次揭示本題的答案為。
五、對話中建議處
對話中一方給另一方提出的建議或意見常常會被作為出題的重點，因此，聽音時要注意捕捉一些特殊的表達建議的句式，如Youd better, why not do?等。
【例1】
Study the map of Quebec Province.
Find more about Quebec City.
Brush up on her French.
Learn more about the local customs.
M: Well, In fact, Montreal is the third largest French-speaking city in the world. So youd better practice your French before you go.
W: Good advice.
20. What does the man advise the woman to do before the trip?
【解析】細節(jié)題。由男士話中的youd better可知他建議女士在去旅行前先練習(xí)一下法語，故答案為。
六、對話中比較處
形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級，以及than, asas等引出的比較結(jié)構(gòu)也是長對話題的設(shè)題重點之一。這類題目的選項中經(jīng)常會含有比較結(jié)構(gòu)，考生要學(xué)會利用選項所給提示抓取關(guān)鍵點。
【例4】
The lectures are boring.
The course is poorly designed.
She prefers Philosophy to English.
She enjoys literature more.
W: I should say, I dont like Dickens at all really, the author, indeed, I am starting to like the whole course less and less.
M: Its not just the book, its the course as well?
W: Yeah, You see, I wanted to do philosophy rather than English, but my parents took me out of it.
23. Why is Karen starting to like the course less and less?
【解析】細節(jié)題。本題是在對話中的比較處命題。女士話中的do philosophy rather than English表明女士寧愿學(xué)哲學(xué)而不愿學(xué)英語。rather than意為而不是，不愿。
七、對話中數(shù)字信息處
對話中出現(xiàn)年代、時間、價格等數(shù)字信息的地方，也經(jīng)常被作為長對話設(shè)題的一個重點，但要注意，一般都是考查與數(shù)字相關(guān)的其他細節(jié)信息，而單純考查數(shù)字的題目并不常見。
【例5】
The personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency.
A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.
The entire staff should be retrained.
Better-educated employees should be promoted. M: And whats the picture?
W: Well probably have to hire a couple of engineers to help us modernize the factory.
21. What does the woman suggest about human resources?
【解析】細節(jié)題。對話中女士建議hire a couple of engineers，選項中的a few engineers should be employed與此相對應(yīng)。
八、對話中列舉、舉例處
對話中出現(xiàn)列舉或舉例的地方往往也是出題的重點，因此，當聽到such as, for example, for instance, the first, the second等一類詞語，應(yīng)加以留意。
【例5】
It cost muc
h more than its worth.
It should be brought up-to-date.
It calls for immediate repairs.
It can still be used for a long time.
W: Sure. Ive been trying to come up with some new production and advertising strategies. First of all, if we want to stay competitive, we need to modernize our factory. New equipment shouldve been installed long ago.
20. What does the woman say about the equipment of their factory?
【解析】細節(jié)題。女士說自己提出了一些新的生產(chǎn)和廣告戰(zhàn)略，接著列舉了首要的一點：設(shè)備需要盡快更新。
九、對話中推測處
must, may, can等情態(tài)動詞常用于表示對現(xiàn)在或過去事實的推測，這些地方常常受到出題人的青睞。
【例5】
The woman thinks Mr. Saunders is asking for more than they can offer.
Mr. Saunders will share one third of the womans responsibilities.
Mr. Saunders believes that he deserves more paid vacations.
The woman seems to be satisfied with Mr. Saunders past experience.
W: Well, you might just be the person weve been looking for. Do you have any questions?
M: Uh-hum, if I were hired, how many accounts would I be handling?
21. What can we conclude from the conversation?
【解析】推斷題。由女士話中的推測句式Y(jié)ou might just be the person可推知，女士似乎對男士過去的經(jīng)驗很滿意。
